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Quantum dots have also been suggested as implementations of qubits for quantum information processing, [68] and as active elements for thermoelectrics. [69] [70] [71] Tuning the size of quantum dots is attractive for many potential applications.
Colloidal quantum dots irradiated with a UV light. Different sized quantum dots emit different color light due to quantum confinement. A quantum dot display is a display device that uses quantum dots (QD), semiconductor nanocrystals which can produce pure monochromatic [a] red, green, and blue light.
Typically, the size of the silicon quantum dots is defined by controlling material synthesis. For example, silicon quantum dot size can be controlled by the reaction temperature during thermal disproportionation of silsesquioxanes. [1] Similarly, the plasma residence time in non-thermal plasma methods is a key factor. [2]
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are graphene nanoparticles with a size less than 100 nm. [1] Due to their exceptional properties such as low toxicity, stable photoluminescence , chemical stability and pronounced quantum confinement effect, GQDs are considered as a novel material for biological, opto-electronics, energy and environmental applications.
Carbon quantum dots also commonly called carbon nano dots or simply carbon dots (abbreviated as CQDs, C-dots or CDs) are carbon nanoparticles which are less than 10 nm in size and have some form of surface passivation.
Due to their small size, quantum dots do not showcase the bulk properties of the specified semi-conductor but rather show quantised energy states. [20] This effect is known as the quantum confinement and has led to numerous applications of quantum dots such as the quantum well laser. [20]
Quantum dots are semiconducting particles that have been reduced below the size of the Exciton Bohr radius and due to quantum mechanics considerations, the electron energies that can exist within them become finite, much alike energies in an atom. Quantum dots have been referred to as "artificial atoms".
Quantum confinement is size dependent, meaning the properties of CdSe nanoparticles are tunable based on their size. [13] One type of CdSe nanoparticle is a CdSe quantum dot . This discretization of energy states results in electronic transitions that vary by quantum dot size.
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