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  2. Subjectivity and objectivity (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjectivity_and...

    Aristotle's teacher Plato considered geometry to be a condition of his idealist philosophy concerned with universal truth. [clarification needed] In Plato's Republic, Socrates opposes the sophist Thrasymachus's relativistic account of justice, and argues that justice is mathematical in its conceptual structure, and that ethics was therefore a precise and objective enterprise with impartial ...

  3. Universality (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universality_(philosophy)

    When used in the context of ethics, the meaning of universal refers to that which is true for "all similarly situated individuals". [3] Rights, for example in natural rights, or in the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, for those heavily influenced by the philosophy of the Enlightenment and its conception of a human nature, could be considered universal.

  4. Universalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universalism

    Moral universalism (also called moral objectivism or universal morality) is the meta-ethical position that some system of ethics applies universally.That system is inclusive of all individuals, [7] regardless of culture, race, sex, religion, nationality, sexual orientation, or any other distinguishing feature. [8]

  5. Relativism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativism

    When freedom, out of a desire to emancipate itself from all forms of tradition and authority, shuts out even the most obvious evidence of an objective and universal truth, which is the foundation of personal and social life, then the person ends up by no longer taking as the sole and indisputable point of reference for his own choices the truth ...

  6. Phronesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phronesis

    VI Sophia is a combination of nous, the ability to discern reality, and epistēmē, which is concerned with things which "could not be otherwise... e.g., the necessary truths of mathematics" [5] and is logically built up and teachable. This [ambiguous] involves reasoning concerning universal truths.

  7. Aletheia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aletheia

    A painting that reveals (aletheia) a whole world.Heidegger mentions this particular work of Van Gogh's (Pair of Shoes, 1895) in The Origin of the Work of Art.In the early to mid 20th-century, Martin Heidegger brought renewed attention to the concept of aletheia, by relating it to the notion of disclosure, or the way in which things appear as entities in the world.

  8. Truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truth

    Truth or verity is the property of being in accord with fact or reality. [1] In everyday language, it is typically ascribed to things that aim to represent reality or otherwise correspond to it, such as beliefs, propositions, and declarative sentences. [2] Truth is usually held to be the opposite of false statement.

  9. Satya - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satya

    Satya (Sanskrit: सत्य; IAST: Satya) is a Sanskrit word translated as truth or essence. [3] ... another as abstract truth about universal principle, ...