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Outdoor cats are the largest human cause of bird mortality. A 2013 study by Scott R. Loss and colleagues from the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service identified free-ranging domestic cats as the leading human-caused threat to birds and small mammals in the United States. The study estimated that ...
The primary antidote to brodifacoum poisoning is immediate administration of vitamin K 1 (dosage for humans: initially slow intravenous injections of 10–25 mg repeated at 3–6 hours until normalisation of the prothrombin time; then 10 mg orally four times daily as a "maintenance dose"). It is an extremely effective antidote, provided the ...
Metal toxicity or metal poisoning is the toxic effect of certain metals in certain forms and doses on life.Some metals are toxic when they form poisonous soluble compounds. . Certain metals have no biological role, i.e. are not essential minerals, or are toxic when in a certain for
However, bromine is beneficial for human eosinophils, [10] and is an essential trace element for collagen development in all animals. [11] Hundreds of known organobromine compounds are generated by terrestrial and marine plants and animals, and some serve important biological roles. [12]
No known function in humans, and is not taken up by plants. [11] Toxic in some forms. tin: 50: 4a: In mammals, deprivation causes impaired reproduction and other abnormal growth, [21] suggesting that it is an essential element. Tin may have a role in tertiary structure of proteins. Some plants are tin hyperaccumulators, possibly to deter herbivory.
Median lethal (LD 50) doses of theobromine have only been published for cats, dogs, rats, and mice; these differ by a factor of 6 across species.[6]Serious poisoning happens more frequently in domestic animals, which metabolize theobromine much more slowly than humans, [7] and can easily consume enough chocolate to cause poisoning.
Decabromodiphenyl ether (also referred to as decaBDE, DBDE, BDE-209) is a brominated flame retardant which belongs to the group of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). It was commercialised in the 1970s and was initially thought to be safe, [3] [4] but is now recognised as a hazardous and persistent pollutant.
It is also produced in small quantities by certain terrestrial plants, such as members of the family Brassicaceae. In 2009, an estimated 24,000 tonnes of methyl bromide were produced. [ 8 ] Its production was curtailed by the Montreal Protocol , such that in 1983, production was nearly twice that of 2009 levels.