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The onset of thermal degradation dictates the maximum temperature at which a polymer can be used. It is an important limitation in how the polymer is manufactured and processed. For instance, polymers become less viscous at higher temperatures which makes injection moulding easier and faster, but thermal degradation places a ceiling temperature ...
Melting zone (also called the transition or compression zone): most of the polymer is melted in this section, and the channel depth gets progressively smaller. Metering zone (also called the melt conveying zone): this zone melts the last particles and mixes to a uniform temperature and composition.
PTFE is a thermoplastic polymer, which is a white solid at room temperature, with a density of about 2200 kg/m 3 and a melting point of 600 K (327 °C; 620 °F). [26] It maintains high strength, toughness and self-lubrication at low temperatures down to 5 K (−268.2 °C; −450.7 °F), and good flexibility at temperatures above 194 K (−79.15 ...
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is a thermoplastic engineering polymer that is used as an insulator in the electrical and electronics industries. [2] It is a thermoplastic (semi-)crystalline polymer , and a type of polyester .
The only commercially important form of polystyrene is atactic, in which the phenyl groups are randomly distributed on both sides of the polymer chain. This random positioning prevents the chains from aligning with sufficient regularity to achieve any crystallinity. The plastic has a glass transition temperature T g of ≈90 °C.
The polymer chains associate by intermolecular forces, which weaken rapidly with increased temperature, yielding a viscous liquid. In this state, thermoplastics may be reshaped, and are typically used to produce parts by various polymer processing techniques such as injection molding , compression molding , calendering , and extrusion .
Polybenzimidazole (PBI, short for poly[2,2’-(m-phenylen)-5,5’-bisbenzimidazole]) fiber is a synthetic fiber with a very high decomposition temperature. It does not exhibit a melting point, it has exceptional thermal and chemical stability, and it does not readily ignite. [1]
If the melt of an (organic) amorphous polymer is cooled down, it solidifies at the glass-transition temperature T g. On cooling, the hardness of the polymer increases in the neighborhood of T g by several orders of magnitude. This hardening follows the Williams-Landel-Ferry equation, not the Arrhenius equation.