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The chalk outcrop at Flamborough Head in the north produces a headland relatively resistant to coastal erosion whilst the coastline south of this at such places as Mappleton and Hornsea with their soft glacial deposits are vulnerable.
The type of clay that is formed is a function of the parent material and the composition of the minerals in solution. [13] Clay minerals continue to be formed as long as the soil exists. [14] Mica-based clays result from a modification of the primary mica mineral in such a way that it behaves and is classed as a clay. [15]
Mature sediments, which contain stable minerals, generally have a smaller variety of minerals than immature sediments, which can contain both stable and unstable minerals. One measure of this maturity is the ZTR index which is a measure of the common resistant minerals found in ultra-weathered sediments: zircon, tourmaline, and rutile.
Clay soils also resist wind and water erosion better than silty and sandy soils, as the particles bond tightly to each other, [14] and that with a strong mitigation effect of organic matter. [ 15 ] Sand is the most stable of the mineral components of soil; it consists of rock fragments, primarily quartz particles, ranging in size from 2.0 to 0. ...
CorningWare – was originally a brand name for a unique glass-ceramic cookware resistant to thermal shock. It was first introduced in 1958 by Corning Glass Works in the United States. Cousances – French cookware manufacturer, known for enameled cast iron pans (cocotte in French). The company was formed in 1553 and was acquired by Le Creuset ...
Chemical weathering of igneous minerals leads to the formation of secondary minerals, which constitute the weathering products of the parent minerals. Secondary weathering minerals of igneous rocks can be classified mainly as iron oxides, salts, and phyllosilicates. The chemistry of the secondary minerals is controlled in part by the chemistry ...
The products of chalk weathering are dissolved in rainwater and are transported in stream flow. Chalk streams transport little suspended material (unlike most rivers), but are considered "mineral-rich" due to the dissolved calcium and carbonate ions. The surface water of chalk streams is commonly described as "gin clear".
The Chalk Group is now divided into a White Chalk Subgroup and a Grey Chalk Subgroup, both of which are further subdivided into formations.These modern divisions replace numerous earlier divisions, references to which occur widely on geological maps and in other geological literature.