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Region based education inequality stems in part from region based poverty. For example, the Northern region in Ghana is the poorest, and also the most educationally deprived, with 61.6% of its population having received less than four years of education. [11] Gender inequality is also more stark when interplaying with other factors such as ...
The top income tax and corporate tax rates are 25%. Other taxes included with value-added tax (VAT), are the national health insurance levy, and a capital gains tax. The overall tax burden was 12.1% of Ghana's total domestic income in 2013. Ghana's national budget was the equivalent of 39.8% of GDP in 2013. [31]
Income ratios include the pre-tax national income share held by the top 10% of the population and the ratio of the upper bound value of the ninth decile (i.e., the 10% of people with the highest income) to that of the upper bound value of the first decile (the ratio of the average income of the richest 10% to the poorest 10%).
The inequality income metric should be independent of the aggregate level of income. This may be stated as: = where α is a positive real number. Population independence Similarly, the income inequality metric should not depend on whether an economy has a large or small population.
The rebase moved Ghana into middle income status and it placed the country as the third largest in the ranking of GDP per person in West Africa behind Cape Verde and Nigeria. After the changes in statistics, the service sector became the largest sector of Ghana's economy with a share of 51%.
[38] [39] More recently, the so-called "Rajan hypothesis" [40] posited that income inequality was at the basis of the explosion of the 2008 financial crisis. [41] The reason is that rising inequality caused people on low and middle incomes, particularly in the US, to increase their debt to keep up their consumption levels with that of richer ...
In a 1938 article, Abram Bergson introduced the term social welfare function, with the intention "to state in precise form the value judgments required for the derivation of the conditions of maximum economic welfare." The function was real-valued and differentiable. It was specified to describe the society as a whole.
During the Anti-Corruption Summit in London on May 12, Ghana urged its delegates to sign these eight steps in hope of decreasing corruption: 1. The public should know who owns and profits from companies, trusts and other legal entities. 2. We need tighter rules to stop corrupt money being spent on property and luxury goods. 3.