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In order for olfactory sensory neurons to function properly, they must express odorant receptors and the proper transduction proteins on non-motile cilia that extend from the dendritic knob in addition to projecting their axons to the olfactory bulb. [19] The cells of the olfactory epithelium, including olfactory sensory neurons, begin to ...
The olfactory receptor gene family in vertebrates has been shown to evolve through genomic events such as gene duplication and gene conversion. [37] Evidence of a role for tandem duplication is provided the fact that many olfactory receptor genes belonging to the same phylogenetic clade are located in the same gene cluster. [38]
Olfactory glands, also known as Bowman's glands, are a type of nasal gland situated in the part of the olfactory mucosa beneath the olfactory epithelium, that is the lamina propria, a connective tissue also containing fibroblasts, blood vessels and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons.
Mitral cells, located in the inner layer of the olfactory bulb, form synapses with the axons of the sensory neurons within glomeruli and send the information about the odor to other parts of the olfactory system, where multiple signals may be processed to form a synthesized olfactory perception. A large degree of convergence occurs, with 25,000 ...
The olfactory mucosa is the neuroepithelial mucosa [1] lining the roof and upper parts of the septum and lateral wall of the nasal cavity [1] [2] which contains bipolar neurons of the primary receptor neurons of the olfactory pathway, as well as supporting cells.
The ORNs are located in the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity. The cell bodies of the ORNs are distributed among all three of the stratified layers of the olfactory epithelium. [4] Many tiny hair-like non-motile cilia protrude from the olfactory receptor cell's dendrites. The dendrites extend to the olfactory epithelial surface and each ...
A sustentacular cell is a type of cell primarily associated with structural support, they can be found in various tissues. [ 1 ] Sustentacular cells of the olfactory epithelium (also called supporting cells or Sertoli cells ) have been shown to be involved in the phagocytosis of dead neurons, [ 2 ] odorant transformation [ 3 ] and xenobiotic ...
Tufted cells are found within the olfactory glomeruli. [1] They receive input from the receptor cells of the olfactory epithelium found in areas of the nose able to sense smell. Both tufted cells and mitral cells are projection neurons. Projection neurons send the signals from the glomeruli deeper into the brain.