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The curl at a point in the field is represented by a vector whose length and direction denote the magnitude and axis of the maximum circulation. [1] The curl of a field is formally defined as the circulation density at each point of the field. A vector field whose curl is zero is called irrotational.
This article uses the standard notation ISO 80000-2, which supersedes ISO 31-11, for spherical coordinates (other sources may reverse the definitions of θ and φ): The polar angle is denoted by θ ∈ [ 0 , π ] {\displaystyle \theta \in [0,\pi ]} : it is the angle between the z -axis and the radial vector connecting the origin to the point in ...
C: curl, G: gradient, L: Laplacian, CC: curl of curl. Each arrow is labeled with the result of an identity, specifically, the result of applying the operator at the arrow's tail to the operator at its head. The blue circle in the middle means curl of curl exists, whereas the other two red circles (dashed) mean that DD and GG do not exist.
An example of a solenoidal vector field, (,) = (,) In vector calculus a solenoidal vector field (also known as an incompressible vector field, a divergence-free vector field, or a transverse vector field) is a vector field v with divergence zero at all points in the field: =
Circulation can be related to curl of a vector field V and, more specifically, to vorticity if the field is a fluid velocity field, =.. By Stokes' theorem, the flux of curl or vorticity vectors through a surface S is equal to the circulation around its perimeter, [4] = = =
The vorticity equation of fluid dynamics describes the evolution of the vorticity ω of a particle of a fluid as it moves with its flow; that is, the local rotation of the fluid (in terms of vector calculus this is the curl of the flow velocity). The governing equation is:
An operator that specifies a rotation (mathematics) ... Rot (operator) aka Curl, a differential operator in mathematics; Rotation operator (quantum mechanics)
The vorticity would be twice the mean angular velocity vector of those particles relative to their center of mass, oriented according to the right-hand rule. By its own definition, the vorticity vector is a solenoidal field since ∇ ⋅ ω = 0. {\displaystyle \nabla \cdot {\boldsymbol {\omega }}=0.}