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Clar's rule has also been supported by experimental results about the distribution of π-electrons in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, [7] valence bond calculations, [8] and nucleus-independent chemical shift studies. [9] Clar's rule is widely applied in the fields of chemistry and materials science.
According to Clar's rule, [20] the resonance structure of a PAH that has the largest number of disjoint aromatic pi sextets—i.e. benzene-like moieties—is the most important for the characterization of the properties of that PAH. [21] Benzene-substructure resonance analysis for Clar's rule
A linear least-squares analysis is used to determine the coefficients/constants a, b, and i (Swain and Lupton used a procedure called DOVE: Dual Obligate Vector Evaluation). [2] Constants were first based on three previous reactions (σ m , σ p , σ p+ ), which leads to more possible errors since the compiled data is only a minimal combination ...
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The Nazarov cyclization reaction is a named electrocyclic reaction converting divinylketones to cyclopentenones.. A classic example is the thermal ring-opening reaction of 3,4-dimethylcyclobutene.
The Yukawa–Tsuno equation, first developed in 1959, [1] is a linear free-energy relationship in physical organic chemistry.It is a modified version of the Hammett equation that accounts for enhanced resonance effects in electrophilic reactions of para- and meta-substituted organic compounds.
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Erich Clar (23 August 1902 – 27 March 1987) was an Austrian organic chemist, born in Hřensko, who studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon chemistry. He is considered as the father of that field. [ 1 ]