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Research into Thailand's prehistoric era commenced in earnest following World War II, which occurred from 1939 to 1945, and has continued to develop significantly over the past four decades, as of 2002. The Stone Age in Thailand is categorized into three distinct periods: the Old Stone Age, the Middle Stone Age, and the New Stone Age.
Thailand – the only independent state in Southeast Asia, but bordered by a British sphere of influence in the north and south and French influence in the northeast and east Turkey – successor to the Ottoman Empire in 1923; the Ottoman Empire itself could be considered a colonial empire
One version of the map of Thailand's territorial losses, listing eight instances of losses to the French and British colonial empires. The territorial losses of Thailand is a concept in Thai historiography, referring to conflicts during the Rattanakosin period of Thailand (or Siam as it was historically known) where the country was forced to cede territory, especially to the Western powers of ...
The kingdom of the Siamese has been known to the West since 1430; when the Italian Niccolò de' Conti first visited Tenasserim, then part of the Kingdom of Sukhothai. [2] The first known Briton recorded to have set foot in the area that is now modern Thailand was Ralph Fitch who arrived in Chiang Mai (referred to as Lamahey in his account) in 1586. [3]
In the aftermath of World War II, European colonies, controlling more than one billion people throughout the world, still ruled most of the Middle East, South East Asia, and the Indian Subcontinent. However, the image of European pre-eminence was shattered by the wartime Japanese occupations of large portions of British, French, and Dutch ...
The port city was the center of British rule in Southeast Asia, and has grown to become one of the world's major trading hubs. By 1913, the British had occupied Burma, Malaya and the northern Borneo territories, the French controlled Indochina, the Dutch ruled the Netherlands East Indies while Portugal managed to hold on to Portuguese Timor.
The known early history of Thailand begins with the earliest major archaeological site at Ban Chiang. Dating of artifacts from this site is controversial, but there is a consensus that at least by 3600 BCE, inhabitants had developed bronze tools and had begun to cultivate wet rice , providing the impetus for social and political organisation.
People fled the government phrai system in a variety of other ways, including entering the monkhood and fleeing into the wilderness. [94] A new category for people now appeared in the late Ayutthaya records, called phrai mangmi, or a rich "serf". [94] From 1688 onwards, the period was characterized by the increasing severity of commoner revolts.