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UNAIDS has said that HIV/AIDS in Indonesia is one of Asia's fastest growing epidemics. [1] In 2010, it is expected that 5 million Indonesians will have HIV/AIDS. [2] In 2007, Indonesia was ranked 99th in the world by prevalence rate, but because of low understanding of the symptoms of the disease and high social stigma attached to it, only 5-10% of HIV/AIDS sufferers actually get diagnosed and ...
The first case of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia was found in Bali in 1987. [6] In the same year, the United Nations General Assembly agreed on the urgency of a global strategy to combat AIDS. [ 7 ] The Indonesian government then created a special committee for the management of AIDS and conducted an assessment of HIV positive population through several ...
In 2008, the sample was tested by researchers, identifying partial HIV viral sequences. [8] The specimen, named DRC60 contained a strain of HIV-1 around 88% similar to LEO70, but was found to be most closely related to HIV-1 (M) subgroup A isolates. These two specimens are significant not only because they are the oldest known specimens of HIV ...
HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects components of the human immune system such as CD4 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. It directly and indirectly destroys CD4 + T cells. [88] HIV is a member of the genus Lentivirus, [89] part of the family Retroviridae. [90] Lentiviruses share many morphological and biological characteristics.
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a condition seen in some cases of HIV/AIDS or immunosuppression, in which the immune system begins to recover, but then responds to a previously acquired opportunistic infection with an overwhelming inflammatory response that paradoxically makes the symptoms of infection worse.
Nucleic-acid-based tests amplify and detect one or more of several target sequences located in specific HIV genes, such as HIV-I GAG, HIV-II GAG, HIV-env, or the HIV-pol. [33] [34] Since these tests are relatively expensive, the blood is screened by first pooling some 8–24 samples and testing these together; if the pool tests positive, each ...
Adult HIV prevalence exceeds 20% in Eswatini, Botswana, Lesotho and Zimbabwe, while an additional five countries report adult HIV prevalence of at least 10%. In absolute numbers, South Africa (9.2 million), followed Tanzania (7.49 million) and Mozambique (2.48 million) and Nigeria (2.45million) had the highest HIV/AIDS number of cases by the ...
People With AIDS (PWA) means "person with HIV/AIDS", also sometimes phrased as Person Living with AIDS.It is a term of self-empowerment, adopted by those with the virus in the early years of the pandemic (the 1980s), as an alternative to the passive implications of "AIDS patient".