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A three-branched intestine runs across almost the entire body, and includes a single anterior and two posterior branches. The planarian intestine is a blind sac, having no exit cavity, and therefore planarians uptake food and egest waste through the same orifice, located near the middle of the ventral body surface. [5]
When it occurs in the intestines it is known as intestinal lymphangiectasia, colloquially recognized as Waldmann's disease in cases where there is no secondary cause. [3] The primary defect lies in the inability of the lymphatic system to adequately drain lymph, resulting in its subsequent accumulation and leakage into the intestinal lumen. [3]
Gastropod-borne parasitic diseases affects over 300 million people worldwide [2] and makes up several of the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) listed by the World Health Organisation. [3] They are a significant public health concern in developing countries and are caused by various nematode and trematode species that use gastropods as their ...
The anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody infliximab is a major biological therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. Biological therapy, the use of medications called biopharmaceuticals or biologics that are tailored to specifically target an immune or genetic mediator of disease, plays a major role in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. [1]
However, surgery cannot cure Crohn's disease. It involves removing the diseased part of the intestine and rejoining the healthy ends, but the disease tends to recur after surgery. Once remission is induced, the goal of treatment becomes maintenance of remission: avoiding the return of active disease, or "flares".
Waldmann's disease, Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia The lower legs and feet of a 23-year-old woman with Waldmann’s since infancy Waldmann disease, also known as Primary Intestinal Lymphangiectasia (PIL), is a rare disease [ 1 ] characterized by enlargement of the lymph vessels supplying the lamina propria of the small intestine . [ 2 ]
Several factors may influence the development of the disease, such as local colonic ischemia, fecal stasis, or mucosal prolapse. SCAD shares some features with inflammatory bowel disease, including the increase of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha during active disease, and decrease in TNF during health improvement. The pathogenesis of SCAD ...
Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) is reduced ability or inability to control defecation due to deterioration of or injury to the nervous system, resulting in fecal incontinence or constipation. [1] It is common in people with spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple sclerosis (MS) or spina bifida .