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Its discovery proved the Levant was a center of ancient, centralized civilization equal to Egypt and Mesopotamia and ruled out the view that the latter two were the only important centers in the Near East during the Early Bronze Age. The first Eblaite kingdom has been described as the first recorded world power.
Since ancient times, the Middle East has had several lingua franca: Akkadian, Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek, and Arabic. [1] [2] [3] The Sumerians, around the 5th millennium BC, were among the first to develop a civilization. By 3150 BC, Egyptian civilization unified under its first pharaoh. [4]
To refer to a concept similar to that of today's Middle East but earlier in time, the term ancient Near East is used. This list is intended as a timeline of the history of the Middle East. For more detailed information, see articles on the histories of individual countries. See ancient Near East for ancient history of the Middle East.
Eastern Chalukya Empire: 624: 1189: 565 Eastern Ganga Dynasty: 493: 1947: 1454 Empire of Charles V: 1519: 1556: 37 Kingdom of England: 927 1707 780 Old Kingdom of Egypt: 2686 BC: 2181 BC: 508 [3] Middle Kingdom of Egypt: 2055 BC: 1650 BC: 405 New Kingdom of Egypt: 1550 BC: 1077 BC: 473 Elam: 3200 BC: 539 BC: 2661 Principality of Elba: 1814: ...
Ancient Egypt was one of the world's first civilizations, with its beginnings in the fertile Nile valley around 3150 BC. Ancient Egypt reached the zenith of its power during the New Kingdom (1570–1070 BC) under great pharaohs. Ancient Egypt was a great power to be contended with by both the ancient Near East, the Mediterranean and sub-Saharan ...
The Ancient Near East: A History. 2nd ed. Holt Rinehart and Winston, 1997. ISBN 0-15-503819-2. Pittman, Holly (1984). Art of the Bronze Age: Southeastern Iran, Western Central Asia, and the Indus Valley. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 9780870993657. Sasson, Jack. The Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, New York, 1995.
The date used as the end of the ancient era is arbitrary. The transition period from Classical Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages is known as Late Antiquity.Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the transitional centuries from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, in both mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world: generally from the end of the Roman Empire's ...
Name Capital/s Type Existed Early Dynastic Egypt: Thinis, Memphis: Kingdom 3150–2686 BC Old Kingdom of Egypt: Memphis: Kingdom 2686–2181 BC Kingdom of Egypt: Thebes: Kingdom 2055–1550 BC Egyptian Empire: Akhetaten, Pi-Ramesses, Thebes Empire 1550–1069 BC Nubia: Kerma: Principalities [1] 2500–15th century BC Libu: Not specified Tribal ...