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The Kingdom of Aksum (Ge'ez: አክሱም, romanized: ʾÄksum; Sabaean: 𐩱𐩫𐩪𐩣, ʾkšm; Ancient Greek: Ἀξωμίτης, romanized: Axōmítēs) also known as the Kingdom of Axum, or the Aksumite Empire, was a kingdom in East Africa and South Arabia from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages, based in what is now northern Ethiopia and Eritrea, and spanning present-day Djibouti and ...
A queen who, according to tradition, sacked Aksum and was responsible for the end of the kingdom. Some lists place her after Dil Na'od, therefore marking the end of the Axumite line, while other lists place her before him and present her reign as an interruption to the line before it was restored after her death. No. 21 on Dillmann's list C. [74]
Axum, also spelled Aksum (/ ˈ ɑː k s uː m / ⓘ), is a town in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia with a population of 66,900 residents (as of 2015). [2] It is the site of the historic capital of the Aksumite Empire .
Previous colonial researches were underpinned by an old Ethiopian narrative. Most of these chronicles puts Adulis smack-dab at the middle of the Axumite kingdom and subsumes it as an integral part of this very kingdom. As a result, Adulis has been studied as part and parcel of the Axumite kingdom by most, if not all, scholars of the region.
At least as early as Henry Salt, some scholars, including Sergew Hable Sellassie [3] and Y. M. Kobishchanov, [4] have identified him with Za Haqala, who is listed in the King Lists of the Kingdom of Aksum as having ruled for 13 years, and who ruled between Za Zalis and Za Dembalé. [5]
Christianity was introduced to the Kingdom of Aksum primarily by Frumentius, a 4th-century Phoenician missionary who was a slave to the king of Aksum. After preaching Christianity in the region, he was freed shortly before the king's death, though he stayed to teach Ezana of Aksum , who was the king's son and heir to the throne.
The relevance of this tradition for us is the mere association of the name of Kaleb with the evangelization of this interior province of Aksum. [17] Besides several inscriptions bearing his name, [18] Axum also contains a pair of ruined structures, one said to be his tomb and its partner said to be the tomb of his son, Gabra Masqal.
Few inscriptions by or about this kingdom survive, and very little archaeological work has taken place. As a result, it is not known whether Dʿmt ended as a civilization before the Kingdom of Aksum's early stages, evolved into the Aksumite state, or was one of the smaller states united in the Kingdom of Aksum, possibly around 150 BC. [5]