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Tropical horticulture includes plants such as perennial woody plants (arboriculture), ornamentals (floriculture), vegetables (olericulture), and fruits including grapes (viticulture). The origin of many of these crops is not in the tropics but in temperate zones. Their adoption to tropical climatic conditions is an objective of breeding. Many ...
For example, in Africa, roots & tubers dominate with 421 kcal/person/day, and sorghum and millet contribute 135 kcal and 90 kcal, respectively. [5] World production of primary crops, main commodities, 2022. In terms of produced weight, the following crops are the most important ones (global production in thousand metric tonnes): [6]
The value and production of individual crops varies substantially from year to year as prices fluctuate on the world and country markets and weather and other factors influence production. This list includes the top 50 most valuable crops and livestock products but does not necessarily include the top 50 most heavily produced crops and ...
In the cultivation of edible fruit and vegetables, nutritional value, shelf life, and crop yield are also among the potential considerations. Some of the lists use the word variety instead of cultivar. In most of these lists, variety refers to a cultivar that is recognised by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants ...
Places, where crops were initially domesticated, are called centers of origin. This is a list of plants that have been domesticated by humans . The list includes individual plant species identified by their common names as well as larger formal and informal botanical categories which include at least some domesticated individuals.
Crops are modified to increase their resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors such as parasites, disease, and drought as well as increase yield, nutrition, and flavour. [27] Additionally, CRISPR has been used to edit undesirable traits, for example, reducing the browning and production of toxic and bitter substances of potatoes.
Production (and consumption) of agricultural plant commodities has a diverse geographical distribution. Along with climate and corresponding types of vegetation, the economy of a nation also influences the level of agricultural production.
For example, The Land Institute has bred a perennial wheat crop known as Kernza. By eliminating or greatly reducing the need for tillage, perennial cropping can reduce topsoil losses due to erosion, [9] increase biological carbon sequestration, [10] and greatly reduce waterway pollution through agricultural runoff due to less nitrogen input.
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