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Roman glass cup from a grave in Emona (present Ljubljana). Glass art refers to individual works of art that are substantially or wholly made of glass.It ranges in size from monumental works and installation pieces to wall hangings and windows, to works of art made in studios and factories, including glass jewelry and tableware.
Tempered or toughened glass is a type of safety glass processed by controlled thermal or chemical treatments to increase its strength compared with normal glass. Tempering puts the outer surfaces into compression and the interior into tension .
Art glass is a subset of glass art, this latter covering the whole range of art made from glass. Art glass normally refers only to pieces made since the mid-19th century, and typically to those purely made as sculpture or decorative art , with no main utilitarian function, such as serving as a drinking vessel, though of course stained glass ...
Studio glass – artistic glass made by an individual or small workshop. Twisty cane – a cane formed out of different coloured glass twisted together - also known as zanfirico cane; Vitreography (art form) – a style of contained 3-dimensional scenes displayed in a shadow box frame.
In art framing, light reflection causes glare, while light absorption also may cause the transmitted colors to be dulled or distorted. While type of the glass substrate will affect the light absorption of the glazing, the surface treatment can affect light scattering, light reflection and in some cases, light absorption. There are various ...
The Bohemian and Prussian-style glass was later modified by the addition of lime and chalk. This new glass is attributed to Bohemian glassmaker Michael Müller in 1683. [58] It had a tendency to crizzle at first, but the problem had been solved by 1714. [59] The Bohemian glass was not suitable to the Murano-style artwork on the glass.
The finer sorts of English glasses, until the cut glass style arrived in the 1730s, relied heavily for decoration on spirals ("twists") of air held inside the stem. The English invention of the much more deeply cut cut glass style often included engraved ornament, mostly geometrical or floral, in a secondary role, especially near the rim. Later ...
The 19th century saw a revival in ancient glassmaking techniques including cameo glass, achieved for the first time since the Roman Empire, initially mostly for pieces in a neo-classical style. The Art Nouveau movement made great use of glass, with René Lalique, Émile Gallé, and Daum of Nancy in the first French wave of the movement ...