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As one of the world's few ancient lakes, it is the lake which contains the largest number of endemic species in the world, with 212 species of animals and plants. [ 82 ] [ 83 ] It is the habitat for many rare fish species such as the endangered Ohrid trout , one of the most ancient trout in the entire Balkan Peninsula .
[147] [150] Several groups of insects can be considered as either micropredators or external parasites; [151] [152] for example, many hemipteran bugs have piercing and sucking mouthparts, adapted for feeding on plant sap, [153] [154] while species in groups such as fleas, lice, and mosquitoes are hematophagous, feeding on the blood of animals.
In seed plants (gymnosperms and flowering plants), the sporophyte forms most of the visible plant, and the gametophyte is very small. Flowering plants reproduce sexually using flowers, which contain male and female parts: these may be within the same ( hermaphrodite ) flower, on different flowers on the same plant , or on different plants .
Lists of useful plants; Herb. Plants used as herbs or spices; List of plants used in herbalism; List of culinary herbs and spices; List of herbs with known adverse effects; Medicinal plants. List of medicinal plants of the American West; List of textile fibres; List of woods; List of Indian timber trees; List of beneficial weeds; List of plants ...
The scale insect Dactylopius coccus produces the brilliant red-coloured carminic acid to deter predators. Up to 100,000 scale insects need to be collected and processed to make a kilogram (2.2 lbs) of cochineal dye. [89] A similar number of lac bugs are needed to make a kilogram of shellac, a brush-on colourant and wood finish. [90]
Insectary plants are those that attract insects. As such, beneficial insectary plants are intentionally introduced into an ecosystem to increase pollen and nectar resources required by the natural enemies of the harmful or unwanted insects pests. Beyond an effective natural control of pests, the beneficial insects also assist in pollination.
Plants evolved chemical defenses against this herbivory and the insects in turn evolved mechanisms to deal with plant toxins. [5] These toxins limit the diet breadth of herbivores, and evolving mechanisms to nonetheless continue herbivory is an important part of maintaining diet breadth in insects, and so in their evolutionary history as a whole.
A Lepidoptera specimen drawer in a museum collection in Poland Another Lepidoptera specimen drawer in a museum collection in Poland. Lepidopterology (from Ancient Greek λεπίδος (lepídos) 'scale' πτερόν (pterón) 'wing' and -λογία [1]) is a branch of entomology concerning the scientific study of moths and the two superfamilies of butterflies.