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An interjection is a word or expression that occurs as an utterance on its own and expresses a spontaneous feeling or reaction. [1] [2] It is a diverse category, encompassing many different parts of speech, such as exclamations (ouch!, wow!), curses (damn!), greetings (hey, bye), response particles (okay, oh!, m-hm, huh?
Some even suggest that certain emotions can only exist in the reciprocal exchanges of a social encounter. Since there are unique local languages and local moral orders, cultures can use the same emotion and expression in very different ways. [31] Thus, emotional expressions are culturally-prescribed performances rather than internal mental events.
Emotional prosody or affective prosody is the various paralinguistic aspects of language use that convey emotion. [1] It includes an individual's tone of voice in speech that is conveyed through changes in pitch, loudness, timbre, speech rate, and pauses. It can be isolated from semantic information, and interacts with verbal content (e.g ...
"Sharing opinions can be difficult, and emotions can sometimes get in the way of effective communication," says Dr. Michele Goldman, Ph.D., a psychologist and Hope for Depression Research ...
Charles Darwin was among the first to study emotion and culture in his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals, suggesting emotions and their expression are universal and evolutionary. [ 9 ] [ 3 ] [ 10 ] Darwin considered the face to be the primary medium of emotional expression in humans, capable of representing both major ...
(that is, used when an utterance by another is not fully heard or requires clarification), is an essentially universal expression, but may be a normal word (learned like other words) and not paralanguage. If it is a word, it is a rare (or possibly even unique) one, being found with basically the same sound and meaning in almost all languages.
The largest piece of evidence that disputes the universality of emotions is language. Differences within languages directly correlate to differences in emotion taxonomy. Languages differ in that they categorize emotions based on different components. Some may categorize by event types, whereas others categorize by action readiness.
Patients with dysprosody will not be able to convey the emotions very well or differentiate their speech between the different emotions significantly. During the comprehension part, a clinician will say a sentence with specific emotional intonations and the patient must indicate the correct emotion. [7]