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Slip ratio (or velocity ratio) in gas–liquid (two-phase) flow, is defined as the ratio of the velocity of the gas phase to the velocity of the liquid phase. [ 1 ] In the homogeneous model of two-phase flow , the slip ratio is by definition assumed to be unity (no slip).
Several types of valve connections for propane, butane, and LPG containers exist for transport and storage, sometimes with overlapping usage and applications, and there are major differences in usage between different countries. Even within a single country more than one type can be in use for a specific application.
Propane was first synthesized by the French chemist Marcellin Berthelot in 1857 during his researches on hydrogenation. Berthelot made propane by heating propylene dibromide (C 3 H 6 Br 2) with potassium iodide and water. [9] [10]: p. 9, §1.1 [11] Propane was found dissolved in Pennsylvanian light crude oil by Edmund Ronalds in 1864.
For particulate removal, the liquid-to-gas ratio is a function of the mechanical design of the system; while for gas absorption this ratio gives an indication of the difficulty of removing a pollutant. Most wet scrubbers used for particulate control operate with liquid-to-gas ratios in the range of 4 to 20 gallons per 1,000 actual cubic foot (0 ...
LPG has a typical specific calorific value of 46.1 MJ/kg compared with 42.5 MJ/kg for fuel oil and 43.5 MJ/kg for premium grade petrol (gasoline). [14] However, its energy density per volume unit of 26 MJ/L is lower than either that of petrol or fuel oil, as its relative density is lower (about 0.5–0.58 kg/L, compared to 0.71–0.77 kg/L for ...
The Horton sphere is named after Horace Ebenezer Horton (1843–1912), founder and financier of a bridge design and construction firm in about 1860, merged to form the Chicago Bridge & Iron Company (CB&I) in 1889 as a bridge building firm and constructed the first bulk liquid storage tanks in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
The cylinders used for emergency gas supply on diving bells are often this shape, and commonly have a water capacity of about 50 litres ("J"). Domed bottoms give a larger volume for the same cylinder mass, and are the standard for scuba cylinders up to 18 litres water capacity, though some concave bottomed cylinders have been marketed for scuba.
Propane does not have health effects other than the danger of frostbite or asphyxiation. The National Propane Gas Association has a generic MSDS available online ...