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  2. Potentiality and actuality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiality_and_actuality

    While actuality is linked by Aristotle to his concept of a formal cause, potentiality (or potency) on the other hand, is linked by Aristotle to his concepts of hylomorphic matter and material cause. Aristotle wrote for example that "matter exists potentially, because it may attain to the form; but when it exists actually, it is then in the form."

  3. Aristotle's theory of universals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle's_theory_of...

    For Aristotle, both matter and form belong to the individual thing (hylomorphism). Aristotle's theory of universals is Aristotle's classical solution to the problem of universals, sometimes known as the hylomorphic theory of immanent realism. universals are the characteristics or qualities that ordinary objects or things have in common.

  4. Aristotelian realist philosophy of mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelian_realist...

    Aristotelian views of (cardinal or counting) numbers begin with Aristotle's observation that the number of a heap or collection is relative to the unit or measure chosen: "'number' means a measured plurality and a plurality of measures ... the measure must always be some identical thing predicable of all the things it measures, e.g. if the things are horses, the measure is 'horse'."

  5. Hylomorphism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hylomorphism

    Hylomorphism is a philosophical doctrine developed by the Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, which conceives every physical entity or being as a compound of matter (potency) and immaterial form (act), with the generic form as immanently real within the individual. [1]

  6. Process philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_philosophy

    In Process and Reality: Corrected Edition (1978), [31] the editors elaborate upon Whitehead's view of the concept: He is the unconditioned actuality of conceptual feeling at the base of things; so that by reason of this primordial actuality, there is an order in the relevance of eternal objects to the process of creation.

  7. Philosophy of mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_mathematics

    Reality: The question is whether mathematics is a pure product of human mind or whether it has some reality by itself. Logic and rigor; Relationship with physical reality; Relationship with science; Relationship with applications; Mathematical truth; Nature as human activity (science, art, game, or all together)

  8. Square of opposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_of_opposition

    Aristotle states (in chapters six and seven of the Peri hermēneias (Περὶ Ἑρμηνείας, Latin De Interpretatione, English 'On Interpretation')), that there are certain logical relationships between these four kinds of proposition. He says that to every affirmation there corresponds exactly one negation, and that every affirmation ...

  9. Ontological priority - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontological_priority

    Ontological priority is a philosophical concept that was first introduced by Aristotle (384–322 BCE) in his influential book Categories, in about 350 BCE. [1] For over two millennia, this concept has influenced the reasonings of many philosophers (e.g., Aristotelians) and has influenced some discussion in ontology and logic. [2]