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  2. Mitochondrion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion

    Damage and subsequent dysfunction in mitochondria is an important factor in a range of human diseases due to their influence in cell metabolism. Mitochondrial disorders often present as neurological disorders, including autism. [18] They can also manifest as myopathy, diabetes, multiple endocrinopathy, and a variety of other systemic disorders ...

  3. Mitochondrial matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_matrix

    Mitochondrial matrix has a pH of about 7.8, which is higher than the pH of the intermembrane space of the mitochondria, which is around 7.0–7.4. [5] Mitochondrial DNA was discovered by Nash and Margit in 1963. One to many double stranded mainly circular DNA is present in mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondrial DNA is 1% of total DNA of a cell.

  4. Mitochondrial DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA

    Mitochondrial DNA is the small circular chromosome found inside mitochondria. These organelles, found in all eukaryotic cells, are the powerhouse of the cell. [1] The mitochondria, and thus mitochondrial DNA, are passed exclusively from mother to offspring through the egg cell.

  5. Mitochondrial fusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_fusion

    Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with the ability to fuse and divide , forming constantly changing tubular networks in most eukaryotic cells. These mitochondrial dynamics, first observed over a hundred years ago [ 1 ] are important for the health of the cell, and defects in dynamics lead to genetic disorders .

  6. Inner mitochondrial membrane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_mitochondrial_membrane

    This phenomenon can be explained by the endosymbiont hypothesis of the origin of mitochondria as prokaryotes internalized by a eukaryotic host cell. In pig heart mitochondria, phosphatidylethanolamine makes up the majority of the inner mitochondrial membrane at 37.0% of the phospholipid composition.

  7. Mitochondria may trigger Crohn's disease by disrupting the ...

    www.aol.com/mitochondria-may-trigger-crohns...

    A new study explores the role of dysfunctioning mitochondria and a disrupted gut microbiome as a possible trigger of Crohn's disease. ... Identifying triggers of Crohn’s disease is important.

  8. Cellular respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_respiration

    In practice the efficiency may be even lower because the inner membrane of the mitochondria is slightly leaky to protons. [11] Other factors may also dissipate the proton gradient creating an apparently leaky mitochondria. An uncoupling protein known as thermogenin is expressed in some cell types and is a channel that can transport protons.

  9. Mitochondrial biogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_biogenesis

    Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which cells increase mitochondrial numbers. [1] [2] It was first described by John Holloszy in the 1960s, when it was discovered that physical endurance training induced higher mitochondrial content levels, leading to greater glucose uptake by muscles. [3]