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Hypertensive disease of pregnancy, also known as maternal hypertensive disorder, is a group of high blood pressure disorders that include preeclampsia, preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, and chronic hypertension. [3] Maternal hypertensive disorders occurred in about 20.7 million women in 2013. [1]
A recent review concluded that antihypertensive treatment reduced cardiovascular deaths and disease, but did not significantly reduce total death rates. [41] Two professional organizations have published guidelines for the management of hypertension in persons over 79 years old. [43] [44]
However, with more recent advances in disease specific therapies, survival in 2010 was 86%, 69%, and 61% at 1, 3 and 5 years respectively. [5] Signs and symptoms may be initially non-specific and may lead to a delay in appropriate diagnosis. Early symptoms include breathlessness (dyspnea).
Hypertension is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal [1] that was established in 1979. It is published on behalf of the American Heart Association by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins . The editor-in-chief is Rhian M. Touyz.
Left ventricular hypertrophy. Hypertensive heart disease is the result of structural and functional adaptations [18] leading to left ventricular hypertrophy, [19] [20] [21] diastolic dysfunction, [18] [20] CHF (Congestive Heart Failure), abnormalities of blood flow due to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease [18] and microvascular disease, [10] [19] and cardiac arrhythmias. [19]
So elevated renin levels in the blood (normally 1.98-2.46 ng/ml in the upright position) [40] leads to hypertension. [2] [41] Recent studies claim that obesity is a risk factor for hypertension because of activation of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in adipose tissue, [42] [43] and also linked renin–angiotensin system with insulin ...
Secondary hypertension (or, less commonly, inessential hypertension) is a type of hypertension which has a specific and identifiable underlying primary cause. It is much less common than essential hypertension , affecting only 5-10% of hypertensive patients.
The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) is a multi-center clinical trial that was performed from 2010 to 2015, and published in November 2015. [1]The objective of the trial was to identify whether, in patients with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 130 mm Hg or higher and an increased cardiovascular risk, but without diabetes, treating to a systolic blood pressure target of ...