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Sustainable quality improvement looks to take a broader view of the measurable effect, considering social and environmental outcomes alongside financial ones. This is also known as the Triple Bottom Line. This principle was applied to the sustainable value of healthcare [18] by including sustainability as a domain of quality in healthcare. [18]
In Tanzania, the Ministry of Health and the Tanzania Food and Drugs Authority and the Strategies for Enhancing Access to Medicines Program introduced accredited drug dispensing outlets, with aid from Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. It worked to create a nationwide chain of dispensers, which provide quality pharmaceutical drugs and services to ...
The first list was published in 1977 and included 208 medications. [8] [2] [9] The WHO updates the list every two years. [10] There are 306 medications in the 14th list in 2005, [11] 410 in the 19th list in 2015, [10] 433 in the 20th list in 2017, [12] [13] 460 in the 21st list in 2019, [14] [15] [16] and 479 in the 22nd list in 2021.
The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) reported that 323 "active medication shortages" were reported in January–March 2024. As a result of drug scarcity, many healthcare systems were forced to either ration out essential drugs, triage patients based on the severity of their condition and their need for the drug, or both.
Some of the greatest barriers to health care utilization include lack of information, lack of communication, [17] low number of health care workers, social and religious barriers, and overreliance on traditional medicine. According to a study done in 2017, 97.7% of households were not visiting a dentist annually.
While the EML (Essential Medicine List) is intended for the population as a whole, the EMLc (Essential Medicine List for Children) is intended for children up to 12 years old. [25] The first edition contained 450 formulations of 200 different medications [7] and the 2023 list contains 361 medications. [23]
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The following list encompasses notable medicine contamination and adulteration incidents. 1937 Elixir sulfanilamide incident: S. E. Massengill Company used diethylene glycol as the solvent for the antibacterial sulfanilamide , leading to the 1938 passage of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act .