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In archaeology, a hammerstone is a hard cobble [1] used to strike off lithic flakes from a lump of tool stone during the process of lithic reduction. [2] The hammerstone is a rather universal stone tool which appeared early in most regions of the world including Europe , India [ 3 ] and North America .
To create this tool, one would have to use a hammerstone to chip away flakes on the stone to create a side of the stone with a very sharp edge, allowing for the cutting and hacking of an object. This is a unique type of lithic reduction , as only a single side of the stone is retouched to produce the cutting surface of the stone.
The earliest stone tools to date have been found at the site of Lomekwi 3 (LOM3) in Kenya and they have been dated to around 3.3 million years ago. [1] The archaeological record of lithic technology is divided into three major time periods: the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age), Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age), and Neolithic (New Stone Age).
Lithic tools produced this way may be bifacial (exhibiting flaking on both sides) or unifacial (exhibiting flaking on one side only). Mount William stone axe quarry in Australia Cryptocrystalline or amorphous stone such as chert , flint , obsidian , and chalcedony , as well as other fine-grained stone material, such as rhyolite , felsite , and ...
Complex stone tools were used by the Gunditjmara of western Victoria [27] until relatively recently. [28] Many examples are now held in museums. [27] [26] Flaked stone tools were made by extracting a sharp fragment of stone from a larger piece, called a core, by hitting it with a "hammerstone". Both the flakes and the hammerstones could be used ...
In archaeology, a tool stone is a type of stone that is used to manufacture stone tools, [1] or tools that use stone as raw material. [ 2 ] Generally speaking, tools that require a sharp edge are made using cryptocrystalline materials that fracture in an easily controlled conchoidal manner. [ 1 ]
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