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  2. Color blindness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_blindness

    Color blindness may also present itself as a symptom of degenerative diseases of the eye, such as cataract and age-related macular degeneration, and as part of the retinal damage caused by diabetes. Vitamin A deficiency may also cause color blindness. [47] Color blindness may be a side effect of prescription drug use.

  3. Nocturia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturia

    Nocturia is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as "the complaint that the individual has to wake at night one or more times for voiding (i.e., to urinate)". [1] The term is derived from Latin nox – "night", and Greek [τα] ούρα – "urine". Causes are varied and can be difficult to discern. [2]

  4. Color blind (disambiguation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_blind_(disambiguation)

    Congenital red-green color blindness, the genetic condition that causes the most cases of color blindness. Dichromacy, a type of color vision possessed by most mammals; partial color blindness when in humans. Monochromacy, a lack of color vision; total color blindness when in humans. Achromatopsia, a syndrome that includes total color blindness.

  5. Dichromacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichromacy

    Protanopia is a severe form of red-green color blindness, in which the L-cone is absent. It is sex-linked and affects about 1% of males. Colors of confusion include blue/purple and green/yellow. [2] Deuteranopia is a severe form of red-green color blindness, in which the M-cone is absent. It is sex-linked and affects about 1% of males.

  6. Achromatopsia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achromatopsia

    Achromatopsia, also known as rod monochromacy, is a medical syndrome that exhibits symptoms relating to five conditions, most notably monochromacy.Historically, the name referred to monochromacy in general, but now typically refers only to an autosomal recessive congenital color vision condition.

  7. Blue-cone monochromacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue-cone_monochromacy

    Blue cone monochromacy (BCM) is an inherited eye disease that causes severe color blindness, poor visual acuity, nystagmus, hemeralopia, and photophobia due to the absence of functional red (L) and green (M) cone photoreceptor cells in the retina. BCM is a recessive X-linked disease and almost exclusively affects XY karyotypes.

  8. Congenital red–green color blindness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_red–green...

    Males are more likely to inherit red–green color blindness than females, because the genes for the relevant opsins are on the X chromosome. [1] Screening for congenital red–green color blindness is typically performed with the Ishihara or similar color vision test. [1] It is a lifelong condition, and has no known cure or treatment. [1]

  9. Retinitis pigmentosa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinitis_pigmentosa

    Poor color separation; Central vision towards the end of progression, because this is a disease of the rods, and the cones are mostly responsible for central vision (macula and fovea) Eventual partial or total blindness. The majority of patients do not become totally blind, often retaining limited or non-functional vision.