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The siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), a major rebellion against Roman rule in the province of Judaea. Led by Titus , the Roman forces besieged the city, which had become the stronghold of Jewish resistance.
He became an advisor and close associate of Vespasian's son Titus, serving as his translator during Titus's protracted siege of Jerusalem in AD 70, which resulted in the near-total razing of the city and the destruction of the Second Temple. Josephus recorded the Great Jewish Revolt (AD 66–70), including the siege of Masada.
Thousands of Sicarii killed: According to Josephus, 1.1 million non-combatants died in Jerusalem and 100,000 in Galilee; 97,000 enslaved. [4]According to modern scholars, a significant portion of the population of Judaea died due to battles, sieges, and famine, with some estimates suggesting up to one-quarter of the population (according to Herr). [5]
The fourth-century Church Father Eusebius of Caesarea and Epiphanius of Salamis cite a tradition that before the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70 the early Christians had been warned to flee to Pella in the region of the Decapolis across the Jordan River. The flight to Pella probably did not include the Ebionites. [1] [2]
The story of Mary of Bethezuba is a story of cannibalism told by Josephus in his "Jewish War" (VI,193) [1] which occurred as a consequence of famine and starvation during the siege of Jerusalem in August AD 70 by Roman legions commanded by Titus. The tale is only one account of the horrors suffered at Jerusalem in the summer of 70.
The First Jewish-Roman War ended with the devastating siege and destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE, including the burning of the Second Temple—the center of Jewish religious and national life. Roman forces destroyed other towns and villages throughout Judaea, causing massive loss of life and displacement of the population. [ 12 ]
Jewish pilgrims from the diaspora, undeterred by the rebellion, had actually come to Jerusalem for Passover prior to the arrival of the Roman army, and many became trapped in the city and died during the siege. [53] According to Josephus, about 97,000 Jewish captives from Judea were sold into slavery by the Romans during the revolt. [54]
Josephus himself in his general survey of the various groups of freedom fighters (War 7:268–70) enumerates the Sicarii first, whereas he mentions the Zealots last. Others have also argued that the group was not so clearly marked out (before the first war of 66–70/3) as some have thought.