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An object's virtual method table will contain the addresses of the object's dynamically bound methods. Method calls are performed by fetching the method's address from the object's virtual method table. The virtual method table is the same for all objects belonging to the same class, and is therefore typically shared between them.
Like with fields, there can be class and instance properties. The underlying methods can be virtual or abstract like any other method. [82] Since C# 3.0 the syntactic sugar of auto-implemented properties is available, [86] where the accessor (getter) and mutator (setter) encapsulate operations on a single field of a class.
The programming language C# version 3.0 was released on 19 November 2007 as part of .NET Framework 3.5.It includes new features inspired by functional programming languages such as Haskell and ML, and is driven largely by the introduction of the Language Integrated Query (LINQ) pattern to the Common Language Runtime. [1]
The overridden base method must be virtual, abstract, or override. In addition to the modifiers that are used for method overriding, C# allows the hiding of an inherited property or method. This is done using the same signature of a property or method but adding the modifier new in front of it. [6] In the above example, hiding causes the following:
override - Specifies that a method or property declaration is an override of a virtual member or an implementation of a member of an abstract class. readonly - Declares a field that can only be assigned values as part of the declaration or in a constructor in the same class.
The non-virtual interface pattern (NVI) controls how methods in a base class are overridden. Such methods may be called by clients and overridable methods with core functionality. [1] It is a pattern that is strongly related to the template method pattern. The NVI pattern recognizes the benefits of a non-abstract method invoking the subordinate ...
Although pure virtual methods typically have no implementation in the class that declares them, pure virtual methods in some languages (e.g. C++ and Python) are permitted to contain an implementation in their declaring class, providing fallback or default behaviour that a derived class can delegate to, if appropriate. [5] [6]
In object-oriented programming, a virtual base class is a nested inner class whose functions and member variables can be overridden and redefined by subclasses of an outer class. [1] Virtual classes are analogous to virtual functions. The run time type of a virtual class depends on the run time type of an object of the outer class.