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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 13 January 2025. Concept in political philosophy For the early-20th-century periodical, see Social Justice (periodical). For the academic journal established in 1974, see Social Justice (journal). Social justice is justice in relation to the distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a ...
Community sentence [1] [2] or alternative sentencing or non-custodial sentence is a collective name in criminal justice for all the different ways in which courts can punish a defendant who has been convicted of committing an offense, other than through a custodial sentence (serving a jail or prison term) or capital punishment (death).
Tough on crime campaigns led to the abolition of parole in some states, restrictions on the power of parole boards and harsher mandatory minimum sentencing laws, such as California's 1994 Three Strikes law, a ballot proposition [29] (since amended) that imposed a 25 years to life sentence for multiple felony convictions. [30]
Under the federal criminal code, however, with respect to offenses committed after December 1, 1987, parole has been abolished for all sentences handed down by the federal system, including life sentences. A life sentence from a federal court will therefore result in imprisonment for the life of the defendant unless a pardon or reprieve is ...
The United Nations General Assembly has decided to observe 20 February [2] annually, approved on 26 November 2007 and starting in 2009, as the World Day of Social Justice. [3] The Declaration focuses on guaranteeing fair outcomes for all through employment, social protection, social dialogue, and fundamental principles and rights.
In 1965, Sweden enacted a new criminal code emphasizing non-institutional alternatives to punishment including conditional sentences, probation for first-time offenders and the more extensive use of fines. The use of probation caused a dramatic decline in the number women serving long-term sentences: in France the number fell from 5,231 in 1946 ...
OpEd: The county attorneys of Jefferson and Clay tout a program that brings offenders and victims to work through crime, punishment, restoration and forgiveness.
Many anarchist organizations believe that the best form of justice arises naturally out of social contracts, restorative justice, or transformative justice.. Anarchist opposition to incarceration can be found in articles written as early as 1851, [14] and is elucidated by major anarchist thinkers such as Proudhon, [15] Bakunin, [16] Berkman, [15] Goldman, [15] Malatesta, [15] Bonano, [17] and ...