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Quantum dot manufacturing relies on a process called high temperature dual injection which has been scaled by multiple companies for commercial applications that require large quantities (hundreds of kilograms to tons) of quantum dots. This reproducible production method can be applied to a wide range of quantum dot sizes and compositions.
Their diameters (2 - 10 nm) are on the order of the exciton Bohr radius, resulting in quantum confinement effects analogous to the "particle-in-a-box" model. As a result, optical and electronic properties of quantum dots vary with their size: nanocrystals of larger sizes will emit lower energy light upon fluorescence excitation. [23]
In order to use quantum dots in many biology related applications, the quantum dots must be soluble in aqueous environments. For quantum dots to be solubilized in water, the amphiphilic ligands must be on the surface of quantum dots. DNA can be used as a solubilization ligand due to its amphiphilic nature. [1]
Different sized quantum dots emit different colour light due to quantum confinement. Quantum engineering is the development of technology that capitalizes on the laws of quantum mechanics. Quantum engineering uses quantum mechanics as a toolbox for the development of quantum technologies, such as quantum sensors or quantum computers.
This means that the use of fluorescent quantum dots could produce a higher contrast image and at a lower cost than today's organic dyes used as contrast media. The downside, however, is that quantum dots are usually made of quite toxic elements, but this concern may be addressed by use of fluorescent dopants, substances added to create ...
In contrast to organic molecules and quantum dots, lanthanide ions exhibit complex excited states and significantly longer luminescence lifetimes. This characteristic makes it easier to achieve population inversion, a crucial requirement for lasing, when using lanthanide-activated gain materials.
Quantum dots are popular alternatives to organic dyes as fluorescent labels for biological imaging and sensing due to their small size, tuneable emission, and photostability. The luminescent properties of quantum dots arise from exciton decay (recombination of electron hole pairs) which can proceed through a radiative or nonradiative pathway.
He is a pioneer in nanomaterials development [1] [2] and an authority on the fabrication of nanocrystals and their use in biomedical and renewable energy applications. [3] He was ranked fifth among the world's top 100 chemists for the period 2000–2010 in the list released by Thomson Reuters. [4] [5]
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