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The American bison (Bison bison; pl.: bison), commonly known as the American buffalo, or simply buffalo (not to be confused with true buffalo), is a species of bison that is endemic (or native) to North America. It is one of two extant species of bison, along with the European bison.
Two extant and numerous extinct species are recognised. Of the two surviving species, the American bison, B. bison, found only in North America, is the more numerous. Although colloquially referred to as a buffalo in the United States and Canada, [2] it is only distantly related to the true buffalo.
The near extinction of the species during the 19th century unraveled fundamental ties between bison, grassland ecosystems, and indigenous peoples’ cultures and livelihoods. English speakers used the word buffalo for this animal when they arrived. [1] Bison was used as the scientific term to distinguish them from the true buffalo.
Endangered (EN) species are considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild. In September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed 474 endangered mammalian species. [1] Of all evaluated mammalian species, 8.6% are listed as endangered. The IUCN also lists 86 mammalian subspecies as endangered.
The Red List of 2012 was released 19 July 2012 at Rio+20 Earth Summit; [17] nearly 2,000 species were added, [18] with 4 species to the extinct list, 2 to the rediscovered list. [19] The IUCN assessed a total of 63,837 species which revealed 19,817 are threatened with extinction.
Eight of the extinct bird species were found in Hawaii, including the Po`ouli, which was last seen in 2004. The Po`ouli is the most recently seen species of all 21 animals on the list.
Syncerus antiquus is an extinct species of buffalo from the Late Pleistocene and Holocene of Africa. [1] It was one of the largest species in its family, potentially weighing up to 2,000 kilograms (4,400 lb). Due to this fact, it is sometimes known as the African giant buffalo.
Bubalina is a subtribe of wild cattle that includes the various species of true buffalo. ... 1927) European buffalo, extinct c. 11,000 years Before Present