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  2. Axon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon

    In the nervous system, axons may be myelinated, or unmyelinated. This is the provision of an insulating layer, called a myelin sheath. The myelin membrane is unique in its relatively high lipid to protein ratio. [17] In the peripheral nervous system axons are myelinated by glial cells known as Schwann cells.

  3. Nerve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve

    Nerve cell and organization. Each axon is surrounded by a layer of connective tissue called the endoneurium. The axons are bundled together into groups called fascicles, and each fascicle is wrapped in a layer of connective tissue called the perineurium. The entire nerve is wrapped in a layer of connective tissue called the epineurium.

  4. Neuron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuron

    The axon primarily carries nerve signals away from the soma and carries some types of information back to it. Many neurons have only one axon, but this axon may—and usually will—undergo extensive branching, enabling communication with many target cells. The part of the axon where it emerges from the soma is called the axon hillock.

  5. Nervous tissue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervous_tissue

    Nervous tissue, also called neural tissue, is the main tissue component of the nervous system.The nervous system regulates and controls body functions and activity. It consists of two parts: the central nervous system (CNS) comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprising the branching peripheral nerves.

  6. Myelin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelin

    Myelin (/ ˈ m aɪ. ə l ɪ n / MY-ə-lin) is a lipid-rich material that surrounds nerve cell axons to insulate them and increase the rate at which electrical impulses (called action potentials) pass along the axon. [1] [2] The myelinated axon can be likened to an electrical wire (the axon) with insulating material (myelin) around it. However ...

  7. Nerve tract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_tract

    A nerve tract is a bundle of nerve fibers connecting nuclei of the central nervous system. [1] [2] [3] In the peripheral nervous system, this is known as a nerve fascicle, and has associated connective tissue. The main nerve tracts in the central nervous system are of three types: association fibers, commissural fibers, and projection fibers.

  8. Nervous system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervous_system

    Nerves that exit from the brain are called cranial nerves while those exiting from the spinal cord are called spinal nerves. The nervous system consists of nervous tissue which, at a cellular level, is defined by the presence of a special type of cell, called the neuron. Neurons have special structures that allow them to send signals rapidly ...

  9. Afferent nerve fiber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afferent_nerve_fiber

    These cells do have sensory afferent dendrites, similar to those typically inherent in neurons. [1] They have a smooth and rounded cell body located in the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. Just outside the spinal cord , thousands of afferent neuronal cell bodies are aggregated in a swelling in the dorsal root known as the dorsal root ...