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Dark green: national right to sit laws. Light green: right to sit laws at the state, provincial, or local levels. Light blue: ratification of the Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964. Right to sit laws have been enacted in some form in countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and Oceania.
The state-power theory as put into perspective by Stephen Krasner (1976), explains that the structure of international trade is determined by the interests and power of states acting to maximize their aggregate national income, social stability, political power and economic growth. Such state interests can be achieved under free trade.
This amendment, demanded by the Philippine Trade Relations Act or the Bell Trade Act, [39] would give American citizens and industries the right to utilize the country's natural resources in return for rehabilitation support from the United States. The President, with the approval of Congress, proposed this move to the nation through a plebiscite.
Under balanced trade, nations are required to provide a fairly even reciprocal trade pattern; they cannot run large trade deficits or trade surpluses. Fair trade involves allowing trade but taking into account other interests, such as dirigisme , protecting labor rights , environmentalism , etc.
Since H. Otley Beyer first proposed his wave migration theory, numerous scholars have approached the question of how, when and why humans first came to the Philippines. The current scientific consensus favors the "Out of Taiwan" model, which broadly match linguistic, genetic, archaeological, and cultural evidence.
International trade theory is a sub-field of economics which analyzes the patterns of international trade, its origins, and its welfare implications. International trade policy has been highly controversial since the 18th century. International trade theory and economics itself have developed as means to evaluate the effects of trade policies.
After World War II, President Manuel Roxas issued Executive Order (EO) No. 94 on October 4, 1947, creating the Department of Commerce and Industry (DCI). [4] Cornelio Balmaceda, a much sought-after professor of economics and director of the Bureau of Commerce (BOC), was appointed acting secretary of the newly created Department of Commerce and Industry.
The act of state doctrine entered into American jurisprudence in the case Underhill v.Hernandez, 168 U.S. 250 (1897). [5] In an 1892 revolution, General José Manuel "Mocho" Hernández expelled the existing Venezuelan government and took control of Ciudad Bolívar, where plaintiff Underhill lived and ran a waterworks system for the city.