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Eight are known to cause Lyme disease or Borreliosis. [6] The major Borrelia species causing Lyme disease are Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia afzelii, and Borrelia garinii. [23] All species that cause Lyme disease are referred to collectively as B. burgdorferi sensu lato, [10] while B. burgdorferi itself is specified as B. burgdorferi sensu stricto.
Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes. [4] [9] [10] The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migrans (EM), which appears at the site of the tick bite about a week afterwards. [1]
Borrelia miyamotoi is a bacterium of the spirochete phylum in the genus Borrelia.A zoonotic organism, B. miyamotoi can infect humans through the bite of several species of hard-shell Ixodes ticks, the same kind of ticks that spread B. burgdorferi, the causative bacterium of Lyme disease.
The genomic variations have direct implications on the clinical symptoms of tick-borne Lyme disease. For example, B. burgdorferi s.s.’s tick-borne Lyme disease may manifest with arthritis-like symptoms. [9] In contrast, B. garinii’s tick-borne Lyme disease may cause an infection of the central nervous system. [9]
About 30,000 cases of Lyme disease in the U.S. are reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by state and local health departments each year. However, the CDC says that many more ...
Erythema migrans, bullseye or target lesion—typical of Lyme disease but not always present. Lyme disease was first described in Europe in 1883 and in the 1970s in North America. It is an illness caused by a spiral-shaped bacterium called a spirochaete. The best-known culprit is Borrelia burgdorferi, but many different Borrelia species cause ...
Chronic Lyme disease (CLD) is the name used by some people with non-specific symptoms, such as fatigue, muscle pain, and cognitive dysfunction to refer to their condition, even if there is no evidence that they had Lyme disease.
Ixodes scapularis is the main vector of Lyme disease in North America. [14] The CDC reported over 30,000 new cases of the disease in 2016 alone, the majority of which were contracted in the summer months, which is when ticks are most likely to bite humans. [ 15 ]