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[2] [3] It can be applied as a soaked dressing or a bath. [2] Side effects may include irritation of the skin and discoloration of clothing. [2] If it is taken by mouth, toxicity and death may occur. [4] Potassium permanganate is an oxidizing agent. [5] The British National Formulary recommends that each 100 mg be dissolved in a liter of water ...
Potassium permanganate is toxic if taken by mouth. [29] Side effects may include nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath may occur. [30] If a sufficiently large amount (about 10 grams) is eaten death may occur. [30] Concentrated solutions when drunk have resulted in acute respiratory distress syndrome or swelling of the airway. [31]
Jmol is computer software for molecular modelling of chemical structures in 3 dimensions. [2] It is an open-source Java viewer for chemical structures in 3D [3]. The name originated from ava (the programming language) + [mol]ecules, and also the mol file format. JSmol is an implementation in JavaScript of the functionality of Jmol. [4]
A permanganate (/ p ər ˈ m æ ŋ ɡ ə n eɪ t, p ɜːr-/) [1] is a chemical compound with the manganate(VII) ion, MnO − 4, the conjugate base of permanganic acid.Because the manganese atom has a +7 oxidation state, the permanganate(VII) ion is a strong oxidising agent.
Sodium permanganate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na MnO 4. It is closely related to the more commonly encountered potassium permanganate, but it is generally less desirable, because it is more expensive to produce. It is mainly available as the monohydrate. This salt absorbs water from the atmosphere and has a low melting point.
Similar to potassium permanganate, the two-step decomposition of caesium permanganate leads to the formation of caesium manganate intermediates. It breaks down into manganese dioxide, caesium oxide and oxygen. [5] The decomposition temperature is between 200 and 300 °C. [6] Drift-away oxygen caused an 8% mass loss in the product. [6]
Permanganic acid has also been prepared through the reaction of hydrofluorosilicic acid with potassium permanganate, [4] through electrolysis, and through hydrolysis of manganese heptoxide, though the last route often results in explosions. [5] Crystalline permanganic acid has been prepared at low temperatures as the dihydrate, HMnO 4 ·2H 2 O. [3]
Bismuth subcitrate potassium is a salt of bismuth (Bi 3+), potassium (K +) and citrate (C 6 H 4 O 4− 7) in a molar ratio of about 1:5:2, with 3 moles of water. It contains about 25.6% (mass percent) bismuth, which is the active moiety, and 22.9% potassium. [3] [4] Other sources give somewhat different ratios of the constituents.