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The effective temperature of a star can be approximated from the colour, but this is not very accurate and spectral fitting to an atmospheric model is necessary to derive the temperature. Temperatures of 53,000–56,000 K are found for R136a1 using different atmospheric models.
Additionally, astronomers have found 6 white dwarfs (stars that have exhausted all fusible hydrogen), 21 brown dwarfs, as well as 1 sub-brown dwarf, WISE 0855−0714 (possibly a rogue planet). The closest system is Alpha Centauri , with Proxima Centauri as the closest star in that system, at 4.2465 light-years from Earth.
HE 1523-0901 is the designation given to a red giant star in the Milky Way galaxy approximately 9,900 light-years from Earth. It is thought to be a second generation, Population II, or metal-poor, star ([Fe/H] = −2.95). The star was found in the sample of bright metal-poor halo stars from the Hamburg/ESO Survey by Anna Frebel and
Baade observed that bluer stars were strongly associated with the spiral arms, and yellow stars dominated near the central galactic bulge and within globular star clusters. [2] Two main divisions were defined as Population I star and population II , with another newer, hypothetical division called population III added in 1978.
The most powerful telescope to be launched into space has made history by detecting a record number of new stars in a distant galaxy. NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, history's largest and most ...
The previous most distant star, MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1, has a redshift of 1.49, and is now 14.4 billion light-years away. If it is a single star, Earendel has a temperature of 13,000 – 16,000 K and a luminosity of 631,000 – 3,981,000 L ☉ , depending on the magnification.
Representative lifetimes of stars as a function of their masses The change in size with time of a Sun-like star Artist's depiction of the life cycle of a Sun-like star, starting as a main-sequence star at lower left then expanding through the subgiant and giant phases, until its outer envelope is expelled to form a planetary nebula at upper right Chart of stellar evolution
The flux of boron-8 neutrinos is highly sensitive to the temperature of the core of the Sun, (). [16] For this reason, a precise measurement of the boron-8 neutrino flux can be used in the framework of the standard solar model as a measurement of the temperature of the core of the Sun.