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Phenol is a component in liquid–liquid phenol–chloroform extraction technique used in molecular biology for obtaining nucleic acids from tissues or cell culture samples. Depending on the pH of the solution either DNA or RNA can be extracted.
Physical properties of phenols. Similar to alcohols, phenols have hydroxyl groups that can participate in intermolecular hydrogen bonding; in fact, phenols tend to form stronger hydrogen bonds than alcohols.
This page looks at the structure and physical properties of phenol (very old name: carbolic acid). Phenol is the simplest member of a family of compounds in which an -OH group is attached directly to a benzene ring.
Phenol is used primarily in the production of phenolic resins and in the manufacture of nylon and other synthetic fibers. It is also used in slimicides (chemicals that kill bacteria and fungi in slimes), as a disinfectant and antiseptic, and in medicinal preparations such as mouthwash and sore throat lozenges.
Properties. Acidity. Phenols are more acidic than typical alcohols. The acidity of the hydroxyl group in phenols is commonly intermediate between that of aliphatic alcohols and carboxylic acids (their pK a is usually between 10 and 12).
Physical and Chemical Properties of Phenol. Phenols are the organic compounds containing benzene ring bonded to a hydroxyl group. They are also known as carbolic acids. They exhibit unique physical and chemical properties in comparison to alcohol.
Physical Properties. Phenol displays unique physical properties that are listed below. [1-4] Physical State: Phenol is a white crystalline solid at room temperature but can also be a colorless liquid. Odor: Phenol has a distinctive, sweet, and medicinal odor. Melting Point: The melting point of phenol is around 40.5 °C (104.9 °F).
Properties of phenol as an acid With indicators The pH of a typical dilute solution of phenol in water is likely to be around 5 - 6 (depending on its concentration).
discuss the factors that are believed to determine the acidity of alcohols and phenols. list a given series of alcohols or phenols in order of increasing or decreasing acidity. explain the difference in acidity between two given alcohols or phenols. explain why phenols are more acidic than alcohols.
A white crystalline solid at room temperature, phenol is known for its disinfectant properties and distinct sweet, tar-like odor. Discovery and Historical Context. The existence of phenol was first recorded in the early 19th century.