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Biogerontology is the sub-field of gerontology concerned with the biological aging process, its evolutionary origins, and potential means to intervene in the process. The term "biogerontology" was coined by S. Rattan, and came in regular use with the start of the journal Biogerontology in 2000. It involves interdisciplinary research on the ...
The free radical theory of aging states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time. [ 1 ] A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell. [ 2 ] While a few free radicals such as melanin are not chemically reactive, most biologically relevant free radicals are highly ...
Stochastic (/ stəˈkæstɪk /; from Ancient Greek στόχος (stókhos) 'aim, guess') [ 1 ] is the property of being well-described by a random probability distribution. [ 1 ] Stochasticity and randomness are distinct, in that the former refers to a modeling approach and the latter refers to phenomena; these terms are often used synonymously.
The Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality describes the age dynamics of human mortality rather accurately in the age window from about 30 to 80 years of age. At more advanced ages, some studies have found that death rates increase more slowly – a phenomenon known as the late-life mortality deceleration [2] – but more recent studies disagree.
Stochastic optimization (SO) are optimization methods that generate and use random variables. For stochastic optimization problems, the objective functions or constraints are random. Stochastic optimization also include methods with random iterates. Some hybrid methods use random iterates to solve stochastic problems, combining both meanings of ...
Langevin equation. In physics, a Langevin equation (named after Paul Langevin) is a stochastic differential equation describing how a system evolves when subjected to a combination of deterministic and fluctuating ("random") forces. The dependent variables in a Langevin equation typically are collective (macroscopic) variables changing only ...
Stochastic control or stochastic optimal control is a sub field of control theory that deals with the existence of uncertainty either in observations or in the noise that drives the evolution of the system. The system designer assumes, in a Bayesian probability -driven fashion, that random noise with known probability distribution affects the ...
The mutation accumulation theory of aging was first proposed by Peter Medawar in 1952 as an evolutionary explanation for biological aging and the associated decline in fitness that accompanies it. [1] Medawar used the term ' senescence ' to refer to this process. The theory explains that, in the case where harmful mutations are only expressed ...