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African empires is an umbrella term used in African studies to refer to a number of pre-colonial African kingdoms in Africa with multinational structures incorporating various populations and polities into a single entity, usually through conquest. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Listed below are known African empires and their respective capital cities.
There were many kingdoms and empires on the continent of Africa throughout history, as well as some non–contemporary republics. The vast majority of kingdoms included in this list existed prior to the Scramble for Africa (c. 1880–1914) when almost all of the continent came under the control of European powers.
The terms African civilizations, also classical African civilizations, or African empires are terms that generally refer to the various pre-colonial African kingdoms.The civilizations usually include Egypt, Carthage, Axum, [1] Numidia, and Nubia, [1] but may also be extended to the prehistoric Land of Punt and others: Kingdom of Dagbon, the Empire of Ashanti, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Mali ...
During the 200 year period between 1301 and 1500 (the 14th and 15th century) the main civilizations and kingdoms in Africa were the Mali Empire, Kingdom of Kongo, Ife Empire, Benin Kingdom, Hausa City-states, Great Zimbabwe, Ethiopian Empire, Kilwa Sultanate, Khormans and the Ajuran Sultanate. These kingdoms flourished in the first part of this ...
Many kingdoms and empires came and went in all regions of the continent. Most states were created through conquest or the borrowing and assimilation of ideas and institutions, while some developed through internal, largely isolated development. [5]
Not to be confused with the modern country, Ghana. The Ghana Empire (Arabic: غانا), also known as simply Ghana, [ 2 ]Ghanata, or Wagadu, was a West African classical to post-classical era western-Sahelian empire based in the modern-day southeast of Mauritania and western Mali. It is uncertain among historians when Ghana's ruling dynasty began.
The Kingdom of Baguirmi existed as an independent state during the 16th and 17th centuries southeast of Lake Chad in what is now the country of Chad. Baguirmi emerged to the southeast of the Kanem–Bornu Empire. The kingdom's first ruler was Mbang Birni Besse. Later in his reign, the Bornu Empire conquered the state and made it a tributary.
the medieval Sahelian kingdoms; Ethiopian Empire (abolished 1975) [25] empires of the "transitional period" of the 15th to 19th centuries. Islamic sultanates of the Sudan and the great Somali Empire (Golden Empire) kingdoms of West Africa succeeding the Sahelian kingdoms; kingdoms of Central and Southern Africa such as the Kongo Kingdom and the ...