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China does not have judicial independence or judicial review as the courts do not have authority beyond what is granted to them by the NPC under a system of unified power. The Chinese Communist Party 's Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission maintains effective control over the court system and its personnel.
Xu Qian or George Hsu (Chinese: 徐謙; June 15, 1871 – September 26, 1940) was a Chinese politician and jurist.He made important contribution to the judicial system of modern China.
The main subjects are: socialist legal theory with Chinese characteristics, jurisprudence, constitution, criminal law, criminal procedure law, civil law, commercial law, civil procedure law (including arbitration system), administrative law and administrative procedure law, judicial system and legal professional ethics.
The Supreme People's Court is the judicial organ of the People's Republic of China and is subject to the control of the CCP's Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission. [4] Hong Kong and Macau , as special administrative regions, have separate judicial systems based on British common law traditions and Portuguese civil-law traditions ...
The Three Departments and Six Ministries (Chinese: 三省六部; pinyin: Sān Shěng Liù Bù) system was the primary administrative structure in imperial China from the Sui dynasty (581–618) to the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368).
The legal system was attacked as a counter-revolutionary institution, and the concept of law itself was not accepted. Courts were closed, law schools were shut down and lawyers were forced to change professions or be sent to the countryside. [2] There was an attempt in the mid-1950s to import a socialist legal system based on that of the Soviet ...
In the 1990s, major reforms were made to the Chinese judicial system, including the people's courts and procuratorates. [8] These changes occurred primarily in response to the economic reform of China as a socialist market economy, a development instigated by Deng Xiaoping's southern tour in 1992. [8]
According to law, beside single-judge trials, people's assessors sit together in judicial panels with professional judges to try cases. Judicial panels should consist of one judge with two assessors or three judges with four assessors. Assessors cannot preside on the panel, but otherwise have equal rights as professional judges.