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Hepatomegaly is enlargement of the liver. [4] It is a non-specific medical sign, having many causes, which can broadly be broken down into infection, hepatic tumours, and metabolic disorder. Often, hepatomegaly presents as an abdominal mass. Depending on the cause, it may sometimes present along with jaundice. [1]
The most apparent sign of hypermetabolism is an abnormally high intake of calories followed by continuous weight loss. Internal symptoms of hypermetabolism include: peripheral insulin resistance , elevated catabolism of protein , carbohydrates and triglycerides , and a negative nitrogen balance in the body. [ 2 ]
Weight loss is the most effective treatment for MASLD and MASH. A loss of 5% to 10% body weight is recommended and has shown regression of liver damage, with 10% to 40% weight loss completely reversing MASH without cirrhosis. A weight loss of greater than 10% was associated with resolution of MASH in 90% of people in a biopsy based study.
Fatty liver (FL) is commonly associated with metabolic syndrome (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia), but can also be due to any one of many causes: [14] [15] Alcohol Alcohol use disorder is one of the causes of fatty liver due to production of toxic metabolites like aldehydes during metabolism of alcohol in the liver. This ...
Starvation response in animals (including humans) is a set of adaptive biochemical and physiological changes, triggered by lack of food or extreme weight loss, in which the body seeks to conserve energy by reducing metabolic rate and/or non-resting energy expenditure to prolong survival and preserve body fat and lean mass.
A medical condition is termed heterogeneous, or a heterogeneous disease, if it has several etiologies (root causes); as opposed to homogeneous conditions, which have the same root cause for all patients in a given group. Examples of heterogeneous conditions are hepatitis and diabetes. Heterogeneity is not unusual, as medical conditions are ...
[47] [48] Alcohol-related liver disease accounts for about 4.5% of liver-related deaths globally, underscoring the substantial burden of alcohol misuse. [49] Viral hepatitis, primarily hepatitis B and hepatitis C, remains a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer worldwide, despite advances in antiviral therapies and vaccination ...
Like many other medical conditions, obesity is the result of an interplay between environmental and genetic factors. [2] [3] Studies have identified variants in several genes that may contribute to weight gain and body fat distribution, although only in a few cases are genes the primary cause of obesity.