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Sassanid king, Bahram Gur is a great favourite in Persian tradition and poetry. Depiction of Nezami's "Bahram and the Indian Princess in the Black Pavilion", Khamsa , mid-16th century Safavid era. A manuscript from Nizami's Khamsa dated 1494, depicting Muhammad 's journey from Mecca to the Dome of the Rock to heaven .
The story is mentioned in Arabic and Persian literature and the poetry of the early Islamic period, including al-Tabari's Tarikh al-Tabari, Mirkhond's Rawzat as-Safa', [1] [2] [5] Ibn Khallikan's Wafayāt al-Aʿyān, [6] and Ferdowsi's Shahnama, where she is recorded as Mālikah (مالكه), daughter of king Tā'ir (طایر), while the Persian king is Shapur II, instead of Shapur I. [7]
Middle Persian literature is the corpus of written works composed in Middle Persian, that is, the Middle Iranian dialect of Persia proper, the region in the south-western corner of the Iranian plateau. Middle Persian was the prestige dialect during the era of Sasanian dynasty. It is the largest source of Zoroastrian literature.
Distinguished scholars of Persian such as Gvakharia and Todua are well aware that the inspiration derived from the Persian classics of the ninth to the twelfth centuries produced a ‘cultural synthesis’ which saw, in the earliest stages of written secular literature in Georgia, the resumption of literary contacts with Iran, “much stronger ...
Mirrors for princes or mirrors of princes (Latin: specula principum) was a literary genre of didactic political writings throughout the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. It was part of the broader speculum or mirror literature genre. The Latin term speculum regum appears as early as the 12th century and may have been used even earlier. It may ...
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg (Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐 , Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, [1] [2] is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire.
A Mughal scribe and Daulat, his illustrator, from a manuscript of the Khamsa of Nizami, one of the most famous Persian diwan collections. In Islamic cultures of the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily [1] and South Asia, a Diwan (Persian: دیوان, divân, Arabic: ديوان, dīwān) is a collection of poems by one author, usually excluding his or her long poems ().
Khājeh Shams-od-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī (Persian: خواجه شمسالدین محمد حافظ شیرازی), known by his pen name Hafez (حافظ, Ḥāfeẓ, 'the memorizer; the (safe) keeper'; 1325–1390) or Hafiz, [1] was a Persian lyric poet [2] [3] whose collected works are regarded by many Iranians as one of the highest pinnacles of Persian literature.