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Rhipidistia includes Porolepiformes and Dipnoi. Extensive fossilization of lungfishes has contributed to many evolutionary studies of this group. Evolution of autostylic jaw suspension, in which the palatoquadrate bone fuses to the cranium, and the lymph pumping " lymph heart " (later lost in mammals and flying birds ), are unique to this group.
Lungfish are omnivorous, feeding on fish, insects, crustaceans, worms, mollusks, amphibians and plant matter. They have an intestinal spiral valve rather than a true stomach. [9] African and South American lungfish are capable of surviving seasonal drying out of their habitats by burrowing into mud and estivating throughout the
Porolepiformes is an order of prehistoric lobe-finned fish which lived during the Devonian period (about 416 to 359 million years ago). They are thought to represent the sister group to lungfish (class Dipnoi). [1] The group contains two families: Holoptychiidae and Porolepididae.
Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish: chimeras, sharks and rays) Osteichthyes. Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish, which includes most familiar bony fish) Sarcopterygii. Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfish) Tetrapoda. Amphibia (amphibians) Amniota. Mammalia (mammals) Aves (birds) Reptilia (reptiles, paraphyletic with respect to Aves)
The South American lungfish is an extraordinary creature - in some sense, a living fossil. Inhabiting slow-moving and stagnant waters in Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana ...
Sarcopterygii (/ ˌ s ɑːr k ɒ p t ə ˈ r ɪ dʒ i. aɪ /; from Ancient Greek σάρξ (sárx) 'flesh' and πτέρυξ (ptérux) 'wing, fin') — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii (from Ancient Greek κροσσός (krossós) 'fringe') — is a clade (traditionally a class or subclass) of vertebrate animals which includes a group of bony fish commonly referred to as lobe ...
The lungfish is the closest relative to the fish from which all four-limbed animals descended, making the information in its massive genetic code vital to understanding the last 400 million years ...
Osteichthyes (bone-fish) or bony fishes are a taxonomic group of fish that have bone, as opposed to cartilaginous skeletons. The vast majority of fish are osteichthyans, which is an extremely diverse and abundant group consisting of 45 orders, with over 435 families and 28,000 species. [21] It is the largest class of vertebrates in existence today.