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  2. Type B Cipher Machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_B_Cipher_Machine

    Analog of the Japanese Type B Cipher Machine (codenamed Purple) built by the U.S. Army Signal Intelligence Service Purple analog in use. In the history of cryptography, the "System 97 Typewriter for European Characters" (九七式欧文印字機 kyūnana-shiki ōbun injiki) or "Type B Cipher Machine", codenamed Purple by the United States, was an encryption machine used by the Japanese Foreign ...

  3. Japanese army and diplomatic codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_army_and...

    Arlington Hall had delayed study of the Army codes until 1942 because of the "high payoff" from diplomatic codes, but were not successful with Army codes until 1943. [ 18 ] The fourteen-part message breaking off negotiations with the United States in December 1941 on the eve of Pearl Harbor was in Purple; and was translated by the Americans in ...

  4. Frank Rowlett - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Rowlett

    In the mid-1930s, they solved the first Japanese machine for encipherment of diplomatic communications, known to the Americans as RED. In 1939–40, Rowlett led the SIS effort that solved a more sophisticated Japanese diplomatic machine cipher, codenamed PURPLE by the U.S. Once, when asked what his greatest contribution to that effort had been ...

  5. Genevieve Grotjan Feinstein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genevieve_Grotjan_Feinstein

    For eighteen months, she worked with other SIS codebreakers to analyze the encryption system used in the Japanese Type B Cipher Machine, code named Purple by the SIS [3]: p. 8 She played a key role in cracking the cipher, [4] discovering cyclical behavior in the code on September 20, 1940.

  6. Leo Rosen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Rosen

    Leo Rosen (26 March 1916 – 16 March 1991) was an American cryptanalyst who worked with Frank Rowlett at Signals Intelligence Service (S.I.S.) before the start of World War II on Japanese ciphers. Rowlett found a method to read the messages enciphered on the Japanese PURPLE machine.

  7. Boyfriend Allegedly Promised Girlfriend's Mom, 'I'll Get Her ...

    www.aol.com/boyfriend-allegedly-promised...

    Markeem Benson is accused of murdering Renise Wolfe in Nevada

  8. Tesla sales dropped 1.1% in 2024, its first annual decline in ...

    www.aol.com/tesla-reports-1-1-sales-142358684.html

    At present, automakers have 75 electric vehicle models for sale in the U.S. Through the first nine months of last year, electric vehicle sales slowed in the U.S., but they are still growing.

  9. Type A Cipher Machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_A_Cipher_Machine

    Japanese Navy ORANGE cryptographic device captured by US Navy. In the history of cryptography, 91-shiki ōbun injiki (九一式欧文印字機, "System 91 Typewriter for European Characters") or Angōki Taipu-A (暗号機 タイプA, "Type A Cipher Machine"), codenamed Red by the United States, was a diplomatic cryptographic machine used by the Japanese Foreign Office before and during World ...