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A mass (air) flow sensor (MAF) is a sensor used to determine the mass flow rate of air entering a fuel-injected internal combustion engine. The air mass information is necessary for the engine control unit (ECU) to balance and deliver the correct fuel mass to the engine. Air changes its density with temperature and pressure.
An air flow meter is a device similar to an anemometer that measures air flow, i.e. how much air is flowing through a tube. It does not measure the volume of the air passing through the tube, it measures the mass of air flowing through the device per unit time, though Thus air flow meters are simply an application of mass flow meters for the ...
In many late model automobiles, a Mass Airflow (MAF) sensor is used to accurately determine the mass flow rate of intake air used in the internal combustion engine. Many such mass flow sensors use a heated element and a downstream temperature sensor to indicate the air flowrate. Other sensors use a spring-loaded vane.
Volvo FM Petronas tanker truck at Sandakan port, Malaysia. Volvo FM day cab on the A4 near Hoofddorp, the Netherlands. In 2010, Volvo released the completely facelifted FM. The facelift which adds the new styling and added engines. It was the first time fitted with LED daytime running lights. Also, Volvo launched its related to the FM, the FMX.
The pump's air intake is filtered by a rotating screen or the vehicle air filter to exclude dirt particles large enough to damage the system. Air is delivered under light pressure to the injection point(s). A check valve prevents exhaust forcing its way back through the air injection system, which would damage the pump and other components.
As the B12B/B12BLE chassis also would be gone by 2012, and the B8R/B8RLE was still not ready, Volvo had to come up with a solution for the tri-axle versions. Because at that time B12B/B12BLE was the only tri-axle chassis offered for city and intercity buses. So with the introduction of 8900/8900LE, Volvo now offered B7RLE 6x2, B9RLE 6x2 and B9R ...
A stowaway who made it all the way from New York to Paris on a flight is expected to be brought back to the U.S. Wednesday afternoon escorted by French security officials.
If the engine is naturally aspirated, an air temperature sensor is located in the air flow meter to work out the air mass. However, if the engine is turbocharged , an additional charge air temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the inducted air after it has passed through the turbocharger and intercooler , in order to ...
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