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  2. DNA and RNA codon tables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_and_RNA_codon_tables

    A codon table can be used to translate a genetic code into a sequence of amino acids. [1] [2] The standard genetic code is traditionally represented as an RNA codon table, because when proteins are made in a cell by ribosomes, it is messenger RNA (mRNA) that directs protein synthesis.

  3. Amino acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid

    Structure of a typical L-alpha-amino acid in the "neutral" form. Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. [1] Although over 500 amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the 22 α-amino acids incorporated into proteins. [2]

  4. List of amino acids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_amino_acids

    Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; Appearance. move to sidebar hide. Amino acids are listed by type: Proteinogenic amino acid; Non ...

  5. File : Common Periodic Table of Codons & Amino Acids.jpg

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Common_Periodic_Table...

    Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us

  6. Chargaff's rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chargaff's_rules

    The genetic code has 64 codons of which 3 function as termination codons: there are only 20 amino acids normally present in proteins. (There are two uncommon amino acids—selenocysteine and pyrrolysine—found in a limited number of proteins and encoded by the stop codons—TGA and TAG respectively.) The mismatch between the number of codons ...

  7. Amino acid score - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid_score

    Amino acids are composed of a side chain , a basic amino group, and a carboxyl group. Based on an aminos R group every amino acid will react different because of shape or composition. They can be divided into four different groups non polar amino acids, polar amino acids, positively charged, and negatively charged R group.

  8. Essential amino acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_amino_acid

    Amino acids that must be obtained from the diet are called essential amino acids. Eukaryotes can synthesize some of the amino acids from other substrates . Consequently, only a subset of the amino acids used in protein synthesis are essential nutrients .

  9. Amino acid synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid_synthesis

    Amino acid biosynthesis is the set of biochemical processes (metabolic pathways) by which the amino acids are produced. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism's diet or growth media. Not all organisms are able to synthesize all amino acids. For example, humans can synthesize 11 of the 20 standard amino acids ...

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