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  2. List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._state...

    In 1986, California named benitoite as its state gemstone, a form of the mineral barium titanium silicate that is unique to the Golden State and only found in gem quality in San Benito County. [80] ^ Colorado is the only state whose geological symbols reflect the national flag's colors: red (rhodochrosite), white (yule marble), and blue ...

  3. List of gemstones by species - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species

    Gemstones of the World revised 5th edition, 2013 by Walter Schumann ISBN 978-1454909538 Smithsonian Handbook: Gemstones by Cally Hall, 2nd ed. 2002 ISBN 978-0789489852 v

  4. Opal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opal

    The Virgin Valley [39] opal fields of Humboldt County in northern Nevada produce a wide variety of precious black, crystal, white, fire, and lemon opal. The black fire opal is the official gemstone of Nevada. Most of the precious opal is partial wood replacement.

  5. Herkimer diamond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herkimer_diamond

    Herkimer diamonds are double-terminated quartz crystals discovered within exposed outcrops of dolomite in and around Herkimer County, New York, and the Mohawk River Valley in the US. [ 1][ 2] They are not diamonds; the "diamond" in their name is due to both their clarity and well formed faces. Because the first discovery sites were in the ...

  6. Gemstone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

    Gemstone. Group of precious and semiprecious stones—both uncut and faceted—including ( clockwise from top left) diamond, uncut synthetic sapphire, ruby, uncut emerald, and amethyst crystal cluster. A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, semiprecious stone, or simply gem) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or ...

  7. Garnet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garnet

    The garnet family is one of the most complex in the gem world. It is not a single species, but is composed of multiple species and varieties. [ 54 ] It is the state mineral of Connecticut, [ 55 ] New York's gemstone, [ 56 ] and star garnet (garnet with rutile asterisms) is the state gemstone of Idaho. [ 57 ]

  8. Diamond (gemstone) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_(gemstone)

    Diamond[ a] is a gemstone formed by cutting a raw diamond. Diamonds are one of the best-known and most sought-after gems, and they have been used as decorative items since ancient times. The hardness of diamond and its high dispersion of light —giving the diamond its characteristic "fire"—make it useful for industrial applications and ...

  9. Category:Fictional gemstones and jewelry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Fictional...

    Chaos Emeralds. Cintamani. Crimson Gem of Cyttorak. Crystal Eye (Adventure Time) Crystal Gem Apple.