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Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of primary energy. For utilities in the electric power industry , it is the stage prior to its delivery ( transmission , distribution , etc.) to end users or its storage , using for example, the pumped-storage method.
World electric generation by country and source in 2022 [1] This is a list of countries and dependencies by annual electricity production. China is the world's largest electricity producing country, followed by the United States and India. Data are for the year 2022 and are sourced from Ember. [1]
This is a list of countries and dependencies by electricity generation from renewable sources each year. Renewables accounted for 28% of electric generation in 2021, consisting of hydro (55%), wind (23%), biomass (13%), solar (7%) and geothermal (1%).
United States electricity production by type. The United States has the second largest electricity sector in the world, with 4,178 Terawatt-hours of generation in 2023. [2] In 2023 the industry earned $491b in revenue (1.8% of GDP) at an average price of $0.127/kWh.
Solar made up 4% of electric generation and 19% of renewable generation in 2021. Of the 164 TWh generated, 70% was by utilities and an estimated 30% was small-scale such as rooftop solar. [ 34 ] Three states made up over half of total grid generation: California (30%), Texas (13%) and North Carolina (9%). [ 51 ]
Diesel power generation costs up to 10 times more than hydropower and is only used in times of emergency or when no other option is available. In 2016/2017, the capacity factor was ~0.00, indicating that the power grid had enough reserves and did not require power generation from expensive diesel.
In 2015, 40.4 TW·h of energy was generated by wind power, and the quarterly generation record was set in the three-month period from October to December 2015, with 13% of the nation's electricity demand met by wind. [14] Wind power contributed 15% of UK electricity generation in 2017 and 18.5% in the final quarter of 2017. [15]
Electricity generators are driven by steam or gas turbines in a thermal plant, or water turbines in a hydropower station, or wind turbines, usually in a wind farm. The invention of the solar cell in 1954 started electricity generation by solar panels, connected to a power inverter. Mass production of panels around the year 2000 made this economic.