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An eponymous disease is a disease, disorder, condition, or syndrome named after a person, usually the physician or other health care professional who first identified the disease; less commonly, a patient who had the disease; rarely, a literary character who exhibited signs of the disease or an actor or subject of an allusion, as characteristics associated with them were suggestive of symptoms ...
Savant syndrome. Savant syndrome (/ ˈsævənt, sæˈvɑːnt / SAV-ənt, sə-VAHNT, US also / səˈvɑːnt / sav-AHNT) is a phenomenon where someone demonstrates exceptional aptitude in one domain, such as art or mathematics, despite significant social or intellectual impairment. [1] Those with the condition generally have a neurodevelopmental ...
Genetics of social behavior. The genetics of social behavior is an area of research that attempts to address the question of the role that genes play in modulating the neural circuits in the brain which influence social behavior. Model genetic species, such as D.melanogaster (common fruit fly) and Apis mellifera (honey bee), have been ...
Trisomy 21. Down syndrome (also known by the karyotype 47,XX,+21 for females and 47,XY,+21 for males) [98] is mostly caused by a failure of the 21st chromosome to separate during egg or sperm development, known as nondisjunction. [91] As a result, a sperm or egg cell is produced with an extra copy of chromosome 21; this cell thus has 24 ...
The conclusion of these recent studies of de novo mutation is that the spectrum of autism is breaking up into quanta of individual disorders defined by genetics. [38] One gene that has been linked to autism is SHANK2. [39] Mutations in this gene act in a dominant fashion. Mutations in this gene appear to cause hyperconnectivity between the neurons.
J. B. S. Haldane. John Burdon Sanderson Haldane FRS (/ ˈhɔːldeɪn /; 5 November 1892 – 1 December 1964 [1][2]), nicknamed "Jack" or "JBS", [3] was a scientist born in Britain who later moved to India and took citizenship there, who worked in physiology, genetics, evolutionary biology, and mathematics. With innovative use of statistics in ...
The following is a list of genetic disorders and if known, type of mutation and for the chromosome involved. Although the parlance "disease-causing gene" is common, it is the occurrence of an abnormality in the parents that causes the impairment to develop within the child. There are over 6,000 known genetic disorders in humans.
Inclusive fitness theory, first proposed by Bill Hamilton in the early 1960s, proposes a selective criterion for the potential evolution of social traits in organisms, where social behavior that is costly to an individual organism's survival and reproduction could nevertheless emerge under certain conditions. The key condition relates to the ...