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Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream that are alive and capable of reproducing. It is a type of bloodstream infection. [36] Bacteremia is defined as either a primary or secondary process. In primary bacteremia, bacteria have been directly introduced into the bloodstream. [37] Injection drug use may lead to primary bacteremia.
Blood is normally sterile. [1] The presence of bacteria in the blood is termed bacteremia, and the presence of fungi is called fungemia. [2] Minor damage to the skin [3] or mucous membranes, which can occur in situations like toothbrushing or defecation, [4] [5] can introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, but this bacteremia is normally transient and is rarely detected in cultures because the ...
Clinical diagnosis of invasive H. influenzae infection (infection that has spread to the bloodstream and internal tissues) is typically confirmed by bacterial culture, latex particle agglutination tests, or polymerase chain reaction tests on clinical samples obtained from an otherwise sterile body site.
In common clinical usage, neonatal sepsis refers to a bacterial blood stream infection in the first month of life, such as meningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis, [59] but neonatal sepsis also may be due to infection with fungi, viruses, or parasites. [59]
The bacteria, E. coli, is commonly found in the human gut. ... Most strains of E. coli are harmless; however, if the bacterium gets into the bloodstream due to a weakened immune system it can ...
If the bacteria happen to enter the bloodstream rather than the lymph or lungs, they multiply in the blood, causing bacteremia and severe sepsis. In septicemic plague, bacterial endotoxins cause disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), where tiny blood clots form throughout the body, commonly resulting in localised ischemic necrosis ...
Bacteria typically enter the lung with inhalation, though they can reach the lung through the bloodstream if other parts of the body are infected. Often, bacteria live in parts of the upper respiratory tract and are continuously being inhaled into the alveoli, the cavities deep in the lungs where gas exchange takes place.
The age group is most likely to develop meningitis through the infection, but the germ can also cause other central nervous system or bloodstream infections, such as sepsis. A recent report states ...
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