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  2. Voltage-gated ion channel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage-gated_ion_channel

    The open conformation of the ion channel allows for the translocation of ions across the cell membrane, while the closed conformation does not. Voltage-gated ion channels are a class of transmembrane proteins that form ion channels that are activated by changes in a cell's electrical membrane potential near the channel. The membrane potential ...

  3. Ion channel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_channel

    This mechanism was finally confirmed when the first structure of an ion channel was elucidated. A bacterial potassium channel KcsA, consisting of just the selectivity filter, "P" loop, and two transmembrane helices was used as a model to study the permeability and the selectivity of ion channels in the Mackinnon lab.

  4. Gating (electrophysiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gating_(electrophysiology)

    Voltage-gated ion channel. When the membrane is polarized, the voltage sensing domain of the channel shifts, opening the channel to ion flow (ions represented by yellow circles). Voltage-gated ion channels open and close in response to the electrical potential across the cell membrane. Portions of the channel domain act as voltage sensors.

  5. Developmental bioelectricity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_bioelectricity

    Developmental bioelectricity is a sub-discipline of biology, related to, but distinct from, neurophysiology and bioelectromagnetics.Developmental bioelectricity refers to the endogenous ion fluxes, transmembrane and transepithelial voltage gradients, and electric currents and fields produced and sustained in living cells and tissues.

  6. Membrane transport protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_transport_protein

    [5] [6] [7] When a channel is opened, millions of ions can pass through the membrane per second, but only 100 to 1000 molecules typically pass through a carrier molecule in the same time. [8] Each carrier protein is designed to recognize only one substance or one group of very similar substances.

  7. Ionophore - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionophore

    The structure of the complex of sodium (Na +) and the antibiotic monensin A Structure of a potassium complex of a crown ether, a synthetic ionophore-ion complex. Biological activities of metal ion-binding compounds can be changed in response to the increment of the metal concentration, and based on the latter compounds can be classified as "metal ionophores", "metal chelators" or "metal ...

  8. List of experiments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_experiments

    Cavendish experiment (1798): Henry Cavendish's torsion bar experiment measures the force of gravity in a laboratory. Double-slit experiment (c.1805): Thomas Young shows that light is a wave in his double-slit experiment.

  9. Biochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistry

    Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. [1] A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology, and metabolism. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become successful at ...

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